University of Bremen, Faculty of Production Engineering, Department for Technology Design and Development and artec | research center for sustainability studies, DE-28359 Bremen, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 Sep 1;461-462:774-80. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.040. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
This study deals with dissipative losses of critical materials between the life-cycle stages of manufacturing and end-of-life. Following the EU definition for critical materials, a screening of dissipative losses for the respective materials has been performed based on existing data and the most significant data gaps have been identified. Furthermore, a classification scheme for dissipative losses (dissipation into environment, dissipation into other material flows, dissipation to landfills) and for assessing their degree has been developed and a first qualitative assessment applying this classification scheme has been performed. In combination with existing criticality assessments, the results can be used to generate a map of metals indicating future research needs for analyzing metal dissipation in detail. The results include quantitative estimates of dissipative losses (where feasible) along the chosen life-cycle stages, and discuss research needs for analysis and avoidance of dissipative losses for improved resource efficiency.
本研究涉及制造和生命周期结束阶段之间关键材料的耗散损失。根据欧盟对关键材料的定义，根据现有数据对各材料的耗散损失进行了筛选，并确定了最重要的数据差距。此外，还开发了一种耗散损失（向环境耗散、向其他物质流耗散、向垃圾填埋场耗散）分类方案及其评估程度，并应用该分类方案进行了初步定性评估。结合现有的临界性评估，这些结果可用于生成金属图，以显示未来分析金属耗散的详细研究需求。结果包括在所选择的生命周期阶段沿线上耗散损失的定量估计（在可行的情况下），并讨论了为提高资源效率分析和避免耗散损失的研究需求。
