Department for Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Feb;27(1):5-16. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2013.03.006.
The gut microbiota of humans is complex but stable in composition and function. Metabolic conversions performed by the members of the microbiota yield both beneficial and hazardous compounds, and have a systematic impact on human health. Comparative studies have shown that the microbiota of patients, suffering from a number of diseases, is in dysbiosis, which is characterized by a distinct composition. Compositional differences have also been noted between members of geographically distant healthy populations. To be able to identify which compositional changes promote compromised health, it is of interest to identify members of the microbiota that perform essential metabolic transformations. This review provides an insight into the microbial contribution to the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and bile acids, and focuses on the link between diversity and function.
人类的肠道微生物群组成复杂，但在组成和功能上都很稳定。微生物群成员进行的代谢转化既产生有益的化合物，也产生有害的化合物，并对人类健康产生系统的影响。比较研究表明，患有多种疾病的患者的微生物群处于失调状态，其特征是组成明显不同。在地理上相隔甚远的健康人群中，也注意到了组成上的差异。为了能够确定哪些组成变化会促进健康受损，确定执行必要代谢转化的微生物群成员是很有意义的。这篇综述深入探讨了微生物对碳水化合物、蛋白质和胆汁酸代谢的贡献，并重点关注了多样性和功能之间的联系。
