Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark.
Pediatr Res. 2013 Sep;74(3):333-8. doi: 10.1038/pr.2013.99. Epub 2013 Jun 14.
The aim of this study was to examine in detail levels and patterns of physical activity in preschool children and the effects of gender and BMI on this activity.
Two hundred and fifty-three children aged 5 y participating in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood wore an accelerometer day and night over a 4-wk period. The main outcome measure was level of physical activity using the raw data. A secondary measure was time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). A Fourier series analysis was applied to study in detail patterns over time.
Activity profiles throughout the year were unique for each sex, with boys being overall more active than girls except for winter months. Preschool children also showed distinct patterns of physical activity during weekdays as compared with weekends and were most active during weekdays. Preschool children in the highest tertile of BMI had a flat yearly activity profile and tended to be less active as compared with those in the lowest tertile.
Preschool children showed significant gender differences in physical activity, with distinct patterns throughout the year as well as between weekdays and weekends. A high BMI tended to be associated with lower levels of physical activity.
本研究旨在详细研究学龄前儿童的身体活动水平和模式，以及性别和 BMI 对此类活动的影响。
253 名 5 岁儿童参加了哥本哈根儿童哮喘前瞻性研究，在 4 周的时间内日夜佩戴加速度计。主要观察指标为使用原始数据衡量的身体活动水平。次要观察指标为中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的时间。傅立叶级数分析用于详细研究随时间的变化模式。
全年的活动模式在性别之间是独特的，男孩总体上比女孩更活跃，除了冬季。与周末相比，学龄前儿童在工作日也表现出明显的身体活动模式，并且在工作日最活跃。BMI 最高三分位的学龄前儿童全年的活动水平呈平坦趋势，与最低三分位的儿童相比，他们的活动水平往往较低。
学龄前儿童的身体活动存在显著的性别差异，全年以及工作日和周末之间都存在明显的模式。高 BMI 往往与较低的身体活动水平相关。
