Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-1250, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013 Jul;45(7):1386-93. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182860099.
To examine the effects of three different frequencies of combined resistance and aerobic training on total energy expenditure (TEE) and activity-related energy expenditure (AEE) in a group of older adults.
Seventy-two women, 60-74 yr old, were randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1 d · wk(-1) of aerobic training and 1 d · wk(-1) of resistance training (1 + 1), 2 d · wk(-1) of aerobic training and 2 d · wk(-1) resistance training (2 + 2), or 3 d · wk(-1) of aerobic training and 3 d · wk(-1) of resistance training (3 + 3). Body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), feeling of fatigue, depression, and vigor (questionnaire), strength (one-repetition maximum), serum cytokines (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), maximal oxygen uptake (progressive treadmill test), resting energy expenditure, and TEE were measured before and after 16 wk of training. Aerobic training consisted of 40 min of aerobic exercise at 80% maximum heart rate, and resistance training consisted of two sets of 10 repetitions for 10 different exercises at 80% of one repetition maximum.
All groups increased fat-free mass, strength, and aerobic fitness and decreased fat mass. No changes were observed in cytokines or perceptions of fatigue/depression. No time-group interaction was found for any fitness/body composition variable. TEE and AEE increased with the 2 + 2 group but not with the other two groups. Nonexercise training AEE (nonexercise training activity-related thermogenesis) increased significantly in the 2 + 2 group (+200 kcal · d(-1)), group 1 + 1 showed a trend for an increase (+68 kcal · d(-1)), and group 3 + 3 decreased significantly (-150 kcal · d(-1)).
Results indicate that 3 + 3 training may inhibit nonexercise training activity-related thermogenesis by being too time consuming and does not induce superior training adaptations to 1 + 1 and 2 + 2 training.
研究三种不同频率的抗阻与有氧训练相结合对老年人群总能量消耗（TEE）和与活动相关的能量消耗（AEE）的影响。
72 名 60-74 岁的女性被随机分为三组：1 天/周的有氧训练和 1 天/周的抗阻训练（1+1），2 天/周的有氧训练和 2 天/周的抗阻训练（2+2），或 3 天/周的有氧训练和 3 天/周的抗阻训练（3+3）。在训练前和训练 16 周后，测量身体成分（双能 X 射线吸收法）、疲劳感、抑郁感和活力感（问卷调查）、力量（最大重复次数）、血清细胞因子（酶联免疫吸附试验）、最大摄氧量（逐步跑步机测试）、静息能量消耗和 TEE。有氧训练包括 40 分钟 80%最大心率的有氧运动，抗阻训练包括 10 个不同动作的两组，每组 10 次，强度为 80%的最大重复次数。
所有组的去脂体重、力量和有氧适能均增加，脂肪量减少。细胞因子或疲劳/抑郁感无变化。任何适应能力/身体成分变量均无时间-组间相互作用。TEE 和 AEE 随 2+2 组增加，但其他两组没有增加。非运动训练 AEE（非运动训练相关产热）在 2+2 组显著增加（+200 kcal·d-1），1+1 组有增加趋势（+68 kcal·d-1），3+3 组显著减少（-150 kcal·d-1）。
结果表明，3+3 训练可能因时间过长而抑制非运动训练相关产热，且与 1+1 和 2+2 训练相比，不能诱导更优越的训练适应。
