Klein Lisl
The Bayswater Institute, London W2 4LD, United Kingdom.
Appl Ergon. 2014 Mar;45(2):137-42. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2013.03.027. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
The term 'sociotechnical' was first coined in the context of industrial democracy. In comparing two projects on shipping in Esso to help define the concept, the essential categories were found to be where systems boundaries were set, and what factors were considered to be relevant 'human' characteristics. This is often discussed in terms of values. During the nineteen-sixties and seventies sociotechnical theory related to the shop-floor work system, and contingency theory to the organisation as a whole, the two levels being distinct. With the coming of information technology, this distinction became blurred; the term 'socio-structural' is proposed to describe the whole system. IT sometimes is the operating technology, it sometimes supports the operating technology, or it may sometimes be mistaken for the operating technology. This is discussed with reference to recent air accidents.
“社会技术”一词最初是在工业民主的背景下创造出来的。在比较埃索公司的两个航运项目以帮助界定这一概念时，发现基本类别包括系统边界的设定位置以及被视为相关“人类”特征的因素。这通常从价值观的角度进行讨论。在20世纪60年代和70年代，社会技术理论与车间工作系统相关，而权变理论与整个组织相关，这两个层面是不同的。随着信息技术的到来，这种区别变得模糊不清；有人提出用“社会结构”一词来描述整个系统。信息技术有时是操作技术，有时支持操作技术，或者有时可能被误认为是操作技术。本文将结合最近的空难对此进行讨论。
