Clegg C W
Institute of Work Psychology, University of Sheffield, UK.
Appl Ergon. 2000 Oct;31(5):463-77. doi: 10.1016/s0003-6870(00)00009-0.
This paper offers a set of sociotechnical principles to guide system design, and some consideration of the role of principles of this kind. The principles extend earlier formulations by Cherns (1976, Human Relations, 29, 783-792; 1987, Human Relations, 40, 153-162). They are intended to apply to the design of new systems, including those incorporating new information technologies and a range of modern management practices and ways of working. They attempt to provide a more integrated perspective than is apparent in existing formulations. The principles are of three broad types: meta, content and process, though they are highly interrelated. They are for use by system managers, users and designers, and by technologists and social scientists. They offer ideas for debate and provide devices through which detailed design discussions can be elaborated. The principles are most likely to be effective if they are relatively freestanding, but supported by relevant methods and tools. The principles are necessary but not sufficient to make a substantial contribution to design practice.
本文提供了一套社会技术原则以指导系统设计，并对这类原则的作用进行了一些思考。这些原则扩展了彻恩斯早期的表述（1976年，《人际关系》，第29卷，第783 - 792页；1987年，《人际关系》，第40卷，第153 - 162页）。它们旨在应用于新系统的设计，包括那些融入新信息技术以及一系列现代管理实践和工作方式的系统。它们试图提供一种比现有表述更综合的视角。这些原则大致可分为三类：元原则、内容原则和过程原则，尽管它们之间高度相关。它们供系统管理者、用户、设计师以及技术专家和社会科学家使用。它们提供了供讨论的观点，并提供了详细设计讨论得以展开的手段。如果这些原则相对独立，但有相关方法和工具的支持，那么它们最有可能发挥效用。这些原则对于为设计实践做出重大贡献而言是必要的，但并非充分条件。
