Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia; Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Asthma and Airways, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Respirology. 2014 Jan;19(1):58-66. doi: 10.1111/resp.12150.
Particulate matter <10 μm (PM10 ) is well recognized as being an important driver of respiratory health; however, the impact of PM10 of geogenic origin on inflammatory responses in the lung is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the lung inflammatory response to community sampled geogenic PM10 .
This was achieved by collecting earth material from two regional communities in Western Australia (Kalgoorlie-Boulder and Newman), extracting the PM10 fraction and exposing mice by intranasal instillation to these particles. The physicochemical characteristics of the particles were assessed and lung inflammatory responses were compared to control particles. The primary outcomes were cellular influx and cytokine production in the lungs of the exposed mice.
The physical and chemical characteristics of the PM10 from Kalgoorlie and Newman differed with the latter having a higher concentration of Fe and a larger median diameter. Control particles (2.5 μm polystyrene) caused a significant influx of inflammatory cells (neutrophils) with little production of proinflammatory cytokines. In contrast, the geogenic particles induced the production of MIP-2, IL-6 and a significant influx of neutrophils. Qualitatively, the response following exposure to particles from Kalgoorlie and Newman were consistent; however, the magnitude of the response was substantially higher in the mice exposed to particles from Newman.
The unique physicochemical characteristics of geogenic particles induced a proinflammatory response in the lung. These data suggest that particle composition should be considered when setting community standards for PM exposure, particularly in areas exposed to high geogenic particulate loads.
直径小于 10μm 的颗粒物（PM10 ）已被广泛认为是影响呼吸系统健康的重要因素，但人们对源于地质成因的 PM10 对肺部炎症反应的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估源自社区的地质成因 PM10 对肺部炎症反应的影响。
通过从西澳大利亚的两个地区社区（卡尔古利-博尔德和纽曼）采集土壤物质，提取 PM10 部分，并通过鼻腔内滴注将这些颗粒暴露于小鼠，从而实现这一目标。评估了颗粒的理化特性，并将肺部炎症反应与对照颗粒进行了比较。主要结果是暴露于这些颗粒的小鼠肺部的细胞浸润和细胞因子产生。
卡尔古利和纽曼的 PM10 的物理和化学特性存在差异，后者的 Fe 浓度更高，中值直径更大。对照颗粒（2.5μm 聚苯乙烯）引起了炎症细胞（中性粒细胞）的显著浸润，而很少产生促炎细胞因子。相比之下，地质成因的颗粒诱导了 MIP-2、IL-6 的产生，并导致了大量中性粒细胞的浸润。定性地，暴露于来自卡尔古利和纽曼的颗粒后的反应是一致的；然而，暴露于来自纽曼的颗粒的小鼠的反应幅度要高得多。
地质成因颗粒的独特理化特性在肺部引发了炎症反应。这些数据表明，在制定社区 PM 暴露标准时，应考虑颗粒成分，特别是在暴露于高地质成因颗粒负荷的地区。
