Department of Family Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 1A Banacha St., Bldg. F, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland,
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;788:89-96. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-6627-3_14.
The aim of the study was to describe the course of influenza among children aged 0-59 months. A total of 150 children with influenza-like symptoms (ILI): cough, fever >37.8 °C, and sore throat was included into the observation. All children were tested with both rapid influenza detection test (RIDT) BD Directigen™ EZ Flu A+B® and RT-PCR. Sixty four cases of influenza were diagnosed (incidence rate 40 %): 19 (30 %) cases of influenza caused by type B virus and 45 (70 %) cases caused by type A virus. Children with influenza required more often follow up visits (p < 0.05, OR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.03-3.85) and less often were administrated antibiotic therapy (p < 0.05, OR 0.25, 95 % CI 0.04-0.97). The logistic regression analysis revealed that only positive result of rapid influenza detection test, not any of clinical symptoms, could be found as an independent predictor of influenza (OR 4.37, 95 % CI 2.03-9.43). Patients with influenza type A more often reported muscle ache (p < 0.05) and complications (p < 0.05; OR 6.06, 95 % CI 1.20-60.38). Otitis media occurred more often among patients with than without influenza (p < 0.01; OR 15.50, 95 % CI 2.10-688.5). We conclude that although influenza infections among children younger than 59 months were generally mild and self-limited, pediatric burden of the disease was significant.
本研究旨在描述 0-59 月龄儿童流感的病程。共纳入 150 例有流感样症状（ILI）的儿童：咳嗽、体温>37.8°C 和喉咙痛。所有儿童均同时接受快速流感检测试验（RIDT）BD Directigen™ EZ Flu A+B® 和 RT-PCR 检测。共诊断出 64 例流感病例（发病率 40%）：19 例（30%）由 B 型病毒引起，45 例（70%）由 A 型病毒引起。流感患儿更常需要复诊（p<0.05，OR 1.99，95%CI 1.03-3.85），抗生素治疗更少（p<0.05，OR 0.25，95%CI 0.04-0.97）。逻辑回归分析表明，只有快速流感检测试验阳性结果，而无任何临床症状，才能作为流感的独立预测因子（OR 4.37，95%CI 2.03-9.43）。A型流感患儿更常报告肌肉疼痛（p<0.05）和并发症（p<0.05；OR 6.06，95%CI 1.20-60.38）。流感患儿更常发生中耳炎（p<0.01；OR 15.50，95%CI 2.10-688.5）。我们得出结论，尽管 59 月龄以下儿童的流感感染通常较轻且为自限性，但疾病对儿科的负担仍然很大。
