染发、漂白和烫发：对头发中 EtG 含量的影响。
Coloring, bleaching, and perming: influence on EtG content in hair.
机构信息
Laboratoire National de Santé-Toxicologie, Université du Luxembourg, Campus Limpertsberg, Luxembourg.
出版信息
Ther Drug Monit. 2013 Aug;35(4):527-9. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31828ca246.
BACKGROUND
Hair analysis of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) has become, beside fatty acid ethyl ester, a valuable marker for the detection of moderate and chronic excessive alcohol consumption. So far, only few studies exist about the influence of cosmetic treatment on EtG content in hair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of coloring, bleaching, and perming on the concentration of this alcohol marker in hair. Studies were also performed to evaluate the chemical stability of EtG in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and ammonium thioglycolate.
METHODS
Six air samples were treated in vitro by the different commercial cosmetics following the suppliers' instructions. After washing, pulverization, incubation in ultrasonic bath, and solid phase extraction, EtG was determined by GC/MS-NICI after solid phase extraction and heptafluorobutyric anhydride derivatization.
RESULTS
The results showed that samples (n = 10) treated with the coloring product did not show any important change in the EtG results. In the bleaching study (n = 23), a mean decrease of 73.5% was observed. After incubation of a solution of EtG with hydrogen peroxide (15%), a decrease of 45% was shown supporting the hypothesis of a chemical degradation of EtG and a leaching out effect from the hair matrix. In the perm treatment study (n = 23), a mean decrease of 95.7% of EtG was found. Incubation of a solution of EtG with ammonium thioglycolate (5%) showed a total decrease of EtG supporting the hypothesis of a chemical degradation.
CONCLUSIONS
Coloring treatment did not importantly influence EtG content in hair. However, an important decrease of EtG in hair could be found after bleaching and permanent wave treatment. This decrease seems to be because of a chemical degradation of EtG, after bleaching, and a leaching out effect from the matrix. After perming, it seems to be more of a chemical degradation of EtG. These data have to be considered for the correct interpretation of EtG amounts in hair.
背景
乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷（EtG）的毛发分析除了脂肪酸乙酯之外，已成为检测中度和慢性过量饮酒的有价值的标志物。到目前为止，关于化妆品处理对毛发中 EtG 含量的影响的研究还很少。本研究的目的是评估染发、漂白和烫发对这种酒精标志物在头发中浓度的影响。还进行了研究以评估 EtG 在过氧化氢和硫代乙酰胺存在下的化学稳定性。
方法
根据供应商的说明，将 6 个空气样本在体外用不同的商业化妆品处理。洗涤、粉碎、在超声波浴中孵育以及固相萃取后，用 GC/MS-NICI 测定经固相萃取和七氟丁酰酐衍生化后的 EtG。
结果
结果表明，用染发剂处理的样本（n = 10）中 EtG 结果没有明显变化。在漂白研究中（n = 23），观察到平均下降 73.5%。将 EtG 溶液与过氧化氢（15%）孵育后，显示下降了 45%，这支持了 EtG 化学降解和从毛发基质中浸出的假说。在烫发处理研究中（n = 23），发现 EtG 平均下降 95.7%。将 EtG 溶液与硫代乙酰胺（5%）孵育后，EtG 完全下降，这支持了化学降解的假说。
结论
染发处理不会显著影响毛发中的 EtG 含量。然而，在漂白和烫发后，毛发中的 EtG 含量会明显下降。这种下降似乎是由于 EtG 的化学降解，在漂白后，从基质中浸出。烫发后，似乎更多的是 EtG 的化学降解。这些数据在正确解释毛发中 EtG 含量时必须考虑。
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