Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2013 Jun;137(6):1174-9.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome (MS) comprises several cardio-metabolic risk factors, which include obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and decreased HDL cholesterol. Leaf extract of Gymnema sylvestre has been shown to possess glucose lowering activity in animal models. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of deacyl gymnemic acid (DAGA), active constituent of G. sylvestre, in a rat model of MS.
Six groups consisting of six wistar rats in each, were studied. Group I received the normal diet, while the remaining five groups received high fructose diet (HFD ) for 20 days to induce MS. HFD was continued in these five groups for the next 20 days along with group II received vehicle solution, group III received pioglitazone and groups IV- VI received DAGA in variable doses. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured using tail-cuff method. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was done at baseline and at days 20 and 40. Blood samples were collected for glucose, insulin and lipid profile.
Administration of HFD for 20 days resulted in weight gain (>10%), increase in SBP, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and triglycerides fulfilling the criteria for MS. Administration of DAGA (200 mg/kg) reduced SBP and significantly improved the FPG and HOMA-IR (homeostatis model assessment-insulin resistance) with modest improvement in lipid profile without decrease in body weight similar to pioglitazone.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that DAGA decreases SBP and improves parameters of glucose-insulin homeostasis in a rat model of MS induced by HFD. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of action.
代谢综合征（MS）包括多种心血管代谢危险因素，包括肥胖、高血压、高血糖、高三酰甘油血症和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低。匙羹藤叶提取物已被证明在动物模型中具有降低血糖的作用。本研究旨在评估匙羹藤酸（DAGA）的功效，匙羹藤酸是匙羹藤的活性成分，在 MS 大鼠模型中的作用。
研究包括 6 组，每组 6 只 Wistar 大鼠。第 I 组给予正常饮食，其余 5 组给予高果糖饮食（HFD）20 天诱导 MS。这 5 组在接下来的 20 天内继续给予 HFD，同时第 II 组给予载体溶液，第 III 组给予吡格列酮，第 IV-VI 组给予不同剂量的 DAGA。采用尾套法测量收缩压（SBP）。在基线和第 20 天和第 40 天进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）。采集血液样本用于检测血糖、胰岛素和血脂谱。
给予 HFD 20 天导致体重增加（>10%）、SBP、空腹血糖（FPG）和三酰甘油升高，符合 MS 标准。给予 DAGA（200mg/kg）可降低 SBP，并显著改善 FPG 和 HOMA-IR（稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗），同时适度改善血脂谱，而体重无下降，与吡格列酮相似。
我们的研究结果表明，DAGA 可降低 HFD 诱导的 MS 大鼠模型的 SBP，并改善血糖-胰岛素稳态参数。需要进一步研究来阐明其作用机制。
