Chaudhry Zoobia W, Brown Rochelle V, Fawole Oluwakemi A, Wilson Renee, Gudzune Kimberly A, Maruthur Nisa M, Segal Jodi, Hutfless Susan M
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA ; University Health Services, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 933 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Springerplus. 2013 Jun 26;2(1):277. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-277. Print 2013 Dec.
Obesity affects cancer risk and treatment outcomes. Preventing weight gain may prevent some cancers, improve cancer outcomes, reduce cancer recurrence and increase cancer-related survival. We performed a systematic review to identify strategies to prevent weight gain in individuals with or at risk for breast cancer.
We included 2 studies from 27,879 citations. In premenopausal women at risk for breast cancer, a low fat diet prevented weight gain at 12 months. Among women with breast cancer, effective strategies to prevent weight gain included low-fat dietary counseling with self-management techniques. One trial reported on cancer outcomes, mortality and adverse events. Low-fat dietary counseling wilth self-management techniques lowers the risk breast cancer relapse by 24% compared with less intensive counseling with maintenance of nutritional status goal. There was no difference in overall mortality and no adverse events were observed.
Limited evidence suggests that women with or at risk for breast cancer may successfully employ dietary and exercise strategies to prevent weight gain for at least one year. Low fat dietary counseling may improve cancer outcomes in women with breast cancer. Future studies should confirm these findings and evaluate the impact of weight gain prevention on cancer incidence, recurrence and survival.
肥胖会影响癌症风险和治疗结果。预防体重增加可能预防某些癌症、改善癌症治疗结果、降低癌症复发率并提高癌症相关生存率。我们进行了一项系统评价，以确定预防乳腺癌患者或有乳腺癌风险者体重增加的策略。
我们从27879篇文献中纳入了2项研究。在有乳腺癌风险的绝经前女性中，低脂饮食可在12个月时预防体重增加。在乳腺癌患者中，预防体重增加的有效策略包括结合自我管理技巧的低脂饮食咨询。一项试验报告了癌症治疗结果、死亡率和不良事件。与以维持营养状况为目标的强度较低的咨询相比，结合自我管理技巧的低脂饮食咨询可使乳腺癌复发风险降低24%。总体死亡率无差异，未观察到不良事件。
有限的证据表明，患有乳腺癌或有乳腺癌风险的女性可能成功采用饮食和运动策略预防体重增加至少一年。低脂饮食咨询可能改善乳腺癌患者的癌症治疗结果。未来的研究应证实这些发现，并评估预防体重增加对癌症发病率、复发率和生存率的影响。
