Hospital Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2013 May-Jun;39(3):373-81. doi: 10.1590/S1806-37132013000300016.
In view of the tragic fire at a nightclub in the city of Santa Maria, Brazil, which culminated in the sudden death of 232 young people, we decided to review the literature regarding smoke inhalation injury caused by enclosed-space fires, which can be divided into direct thermal damage, carbon monoxide poisoning, and cyanide poisoning. Such injuries often call for immediate orotracheal intubation, either due to acute airway obstruction or due to a reduced level of consciousness. The diagnosis and the severity of the thermal injury can be determined by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The levels of gases and gas by-products in the bloodstream should be assessed as rapidly as possible, even while still at the scene of the incident. First responders can also treat carbon monoxide poisoning, with immediate administration of oxygen at 100%, as well as cyanide poisoning, with oxygen therapy and hydroxocobalamin injection.
鉴于巴西圣玛丽亚市一家夜总会发生的悲惨火灾，最终导致 232 名年轻人突然死亡，我们决定查阅有关封闭空间火灾引起的吸入性烟雾损伤的文献，可将其分为直接热损伤、一氧化碳中毒和氰化物中毒。此类损伤通常需要立即进行经口气管插管，原因可能是急性气道阻塞或意识水平降低。通过纤维支气管镜可诊断和确定热损伤的严重程度。即使在事件现场，也应尽快评估血流中的气体和气体副产物水平。急救人员还可以治疗一氧化碳中毒，立即给予 100%的氧气，以及氰化物中毒，给予氧气治疗和羟钴胺注射。
