Binanti Diana, Mostegl Meike M, Weissenbacher-Lang Christiane, Nedorost Nora, Weissenböck Herbert
Med Mycol. 2014 Feb;52(2):196-201. doi: 10.3109/13693786.2013.809631.
Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. suis is a fungus multiplying in the respiratory tract of pigs which occasionally is associated with interstitial pneumonia. Identification of Pneumocystis in tissue samples is considered difficult and there are only scarce data on its occurrence in European pigs. This investigation presents an in situ hybridization (ISH) procedure for identification of Pneumocystis spp. in paraffin wax embedded tissue samples and its application for labeling the agent in lung samples of pigs with interstitial pneumonia. Thirty-two out of 100 lung samples from pigs on Austrian farms were identified as positive, five of them with multiple, 12 with moderate and 15 with few organisms but Grocott’s methenamine silver staining demonstrated that only 20 cases were unequivocally positive for Pneumocystis carinii. In addition to interstitial pneumonia Pneumocystis-positive pigs were more frequently affected with granulomatous pneumonia than Pneumocystis-negative pigs. Frequently concurrent infections with different viral or bacterial lung pathogens were noted but there was no positive correlation between Pneumocystis- and PCV-2-infections. With other infections, no clear-cut differences between Pneumocystis-positive and Pneumocystis-negative animals were found. This study shows that Pneumocystis infections occur frequently in Austrian pigs with interstitial pneumonia. It remains to be shown which are the factors triggering severe multiplication and whether infection with Pneumocystis alone is able to induce lung disease in pigs.
猪卡氏肺孢子虫猪变种是一种在猪呼吸道内繁殖的真菌，偶尔与间质性肺炎有关。在组织样本中鉴定肺孢子虫被认为很困难，关于其在欧洲猪中的发生情况的数据也很稀少。本研究提出了一种原位杂交（ISH）方法，用于在石蜡包埋组织样本中鉴定肺孢子虫属，并将其应用于标记患有间质性肺炎的猪肺样本中的病原体。来自奥地利农场猪的100份肺样本中，有32份被鉴定为阳性，其中5份有多个病原体，12份有中等数量的病原体，15份有少量病原体，但Grocott六胺银染色显示只有20例明确为卡氏肺孢子虫阳性。除间质性肺炎外，肺孢子虫阳性猪比肺孢子虫阴性猪更易患肉芽肿性肺炎。经常注意到与不同病毒或细菌性肺部病原体的并发感染，但肺孢子虫感染与猪圆环病毒2型感染之间没有正相关。对于其他感染，在肺孢子虫阳性和阴性动物之间未发现明显差异。本研究表明，肺孢子虫感染在患有间质性肺炎的奥地利猪中频繁发生。尚需确定引发大量繁殖的因素以及单独感染肺孢子虫是否能够在猪中诱发肺部疾病。
