Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Colorado Injury Control Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Am J Ind Med. 2013 Nov;56(11):1290-5. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22228. Epub 2013 Jul 20.
Occupation has been identified as a risk factor for suicide. Changes in work environments over time suggest occupations at high risk of suicide may also change. Therefore, periodic examination of suicide by occupation is warranted. The purpose of this article is to describe suicide rates by occupation, sex, and means used in Colorado for the period 2004-2006.
To provide information useful in designing suicide prevention programs, the methods used in suicide across occupational groups also are examined. Data from the Colorado Violent Death Reporting System (COVDRS) were obtained for suicides that occurred between 2004 and 2006. Denominators to calculate rates by age, sex, and race used are from the 2000 US Census of the Population data.
Men had higher suicide rates than women in all occupation categories except computers and mathematics. Among men, those in farming, fishing, and forestry (475.6 per 100,000) had the highest age-adjusted suicide rates. Among women, workers with the highest suicide rates were in construction and extraction (134.3 per 100,000). The examination of lethal means showed that workers in farming, fishing, and forestry had higher rates of suicide by firearms (50.18 per 100,000) compared with other workers. Healthcare practitioners and technicians had the highest rate of suicide by poisoning (14.25 per 100,000). Workers involved in construction and extraction (26.43 per 100,000) had higher rates of suicide by hanging, suffocation, or strangling.
Significant differences in means of suicide were seen by occupation, which could guide future suicide prevention interventions that may decrease work-related suicide risks.
职业已被确定为自杀的一个风险因素。随着时间的推移，工作环境的变化表明，高自杀风险的职业也可能发生变化。因此，有必要定期检查职业与自杀的关系。本文的目的是描述 2004-2006 年科罗拉多州职业相关自杀的死亡率、性别和自杀方式。
为了提供有助于制定自杀预防计划的信息，还检查了跨职业群体的自杀方式。2004 年至 2006 年期间发生的自杀事件数据取自科罗拉多州暴力死亡报告系统（COVDRS）。按年龄、性别和种族计算死亡率的分母取自 2000 年美国人口普查数据。
除了计算机和数学领域，男性在所有职业类别的自杀率都高于女性。在男性中，从事农业、渔业和林业的人（475.6/10 万）的年龄调整后自杀率最高。在女性中，建筑和采掘业的工人自杀率最高（134.3/10 万）。对致命方式的检查表明，从事农业、渔业和林业的工人因枪支自杀的比率较高（50.18/10 万）。医疗保健从业者和技术人员因中毒自杀的比率最高（14.25/10 万）。从事建筑和采掘业的工人（26.43/10 万）因上吊、窒息或绞杀自杀的比率较高。
不同职业之间的自杀方式存在显著差异，这可能为未来降低与工作相关的自杀风险的自杀预防干预措施提供指导。
