Farrington D P
Cambridge University, Institute of Criminology, England.
J Adolesc. 1990 Jun;13(2):93-113. doi: 10.1016/0140-1971(90)90001-n.
In the Cambridge Study of Delinquent Development, 411 London males have been followed up from age 8 to age 32. Offending was only one element of a general syndrome of antisocial behaviour, which showed significant continuity from childhood to adulthood. The most important childhood (age 8-11) predictors of offending up to age 32 were: socio-economic deprivation, poor parenting, family deviance, school problems, hyperactivity-impulsivity-attention deficit, and antisocial child behaviour. A theory was proposed to explain these results, including criminal motivation, internalized beliefs about offending, and rational decision-making. It was concluded that the most hopeful methods of preventing offending were behavioural parent training and pre-school intellectual enrichment programmes.
在剑桥青少年犯罪发展研究中，411名伦敦男性从8岁到32岁受到了跟踪调查。犯罪只是反社会行为综合症状的一个方面，这种症状从童年到成年都表现出显著的连续性。到32岁时犯罪的最重要童年期（8至11岁）预测因素包括：社会经济贫困、不良教养、家庭偏差行为、学校问题、多动-冲动-注意力缺陷以及反社会儿童行为。有人提出了一种理论来解释这些结果，包括犯罪动机、对犯罪的内化信念以及理性决策。研究得出结论，预防犯罪最有希望的方法是行为式家长培训和学前智力提升项目。
