West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
Forensic Sci Int. 2013 Sep 10;231(1-3):172-7. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.014. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
The aim of this study was to analyze data from toxic substance-related cases in Northeast China (Heilongjiang Province) reported between 2000 and 2010, and to investigate the associations among the classes of toxic substances detected with gender, age, season, district of occurrence, and type of case. Pesticides, drugs, and alcohol were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or flame ionization detection. Carbon monoxide levels were measured using ultraviolet spectrometry, and levels of cyanides, nitrites, and acid were monitored using the chemical colorimetry method. Among a total of 565 cases, 208 (36.8%) were related to accidental injury/death, 175 (31.0%) to suicide, 80 (14.2%) to homicide, 43 (7.6%) to robbery, 29 (5.1%) to fire or arson, 20 (3.5%) to intentional injury/death, 7 (1.2%) to rape, and 3 (0.5%) to kidnapping. Men constituted 65.3% of the total 565 victims, most of who were between the ages of 31 and 50 years, with the average age being 44 years. The highest number of cases (126) was reported from Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. Pesticide-related cases accounted for 37.9% of the cases, with more cases occurring between April and August. Methomyl (48 cases) and fluoroacetamide (38 cases) were the most common pesticides involved in these cases. Drug-related cases accounted for 19.5% of the total poisoning cases, with benzodiazepines being the most commonly detected drugs (45 cases). More than 70% of alcohol-related cases involved the use of alcohol in crime (or affair) execution, with the blood alcohol concentration being less than 350 mg/100mL in these cases. Carbon monoxide was detected in 16.1% of the cases, with a higher yearly incidence noted in winter. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide an overall analysis of toxic substance-related cases in Northeast China. Similar to the findings observed in Central China (Hubei), our findings indicated that pesticides were the major cause of poisoning in the Heilongjiang Province of Northeast China.
本研究旨在分析 2000 年至 2010 年间中国东北地区（黑龙江省）上报的与有毒物质相关的案例数据，并调查所检测的有毒物质类别与性别、年龄、季节、发生地区和案例类型之间的关系。采用气相色谱-质谱法或火焰离子化检测法检测杀虫剂、药物和酒精；采用紫外分光光度法检测一氧化碳水平，采用化学比色法监测氰化物、亚硝酸盐和酸的水平。在总共 565 例案例中，208 例（36.8%）与意外伤害/死亡有关，175 例（31.0%）与自杀有关，80 例（14.2%）与他杀有关，43 例（7.6%）与抢劫有关，29 例（5.1%）与火灾或纵火有关，20 例（3.5%）与故意伤害/死亡有关，7 例（1.2%）与强奸有关，3 例（0.5%）与绑架有关。男性占 565 名受害者的 65.3%，他们大多年龄在 31 岁至 50 岁之间，平均年龄为 44 岁。报告案例最多的是黑龙江省会哈尔滨（126 例）。与农药有关的案例占所有案例的 37.9%，多发生在 4 月至 8 月。甲拌磷（48 例）和氟乙酰胺（38 例）是这些案例中最常见的农药。与药物有关的案例占所有中毒案例的 19.5%，苯二氮䓬类药物（45 例）是最常见的检测药物。在与酒精有关的案例中，超过 70%涉及酒精在犯罪（或事件）执行中的使用，这些案例的血液酒精浓度均低于 350mg/100mL。一氧化碳在 16.1%的案例中被检测到，冬季的年发病率更高。据我们所知，这是首次对中国东北地区与有毒物质有关的案例进行全面分析。与我们在华中地区（湖北）观察到的结果相似，我们的发现表明，农药是中国黑龙江省中毒的主要原因。
