Szent István University, Department of Environmental Protection and Environmental Safety, 1 Páter Károly street, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2013 Aug 16;166(1):176-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.06.002. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that may have mutagenic, carcinogenic, cytotoxic and endocrine disrupting effects. These substances frequently contaminate agricultural commodities despite efforts to prevent them, so successful detoxification tools are needed. The application of microorganisms to biodegrade mycotoxins is a novel strategy that shows potential for application in food and feed processing. In this study we investigated the mycotoxin degradation ability of thirty-two Rhodococcus strains on economically important mycotoxins: aflatoxin B1, zearalenone, fumonisin B1, T2 toxin and ochratoxin A, and monitored the safety of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone degradation processes and degradation products using previously developed toxicity profiling methods. Moreover, experiments were performed to analyse multi-mycotoxin-degrading ability of the best toxin degrader/detoxifier strains on aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and T2 toxin mixtures. This enabled the safest and the most effective Rhodococcus strains to be selected, even for multi-mycotoxin degradation. We concluded that several Rhodococcus species are effective in the degradation of aromatic mycotoxins and their application in mycotoxin biodetoxification processes is a promising field of biotechnology.
真菌毒素是次级真菌代谢物，可能具有致突变、致癌、细胞毒性和内分泌干扰作用。尽管人们努力防止这些物质的产生，但它们还是经常污染农产品，因此需要有成功的解毒工具。应用微生物生物降解真菌毒素是一种有应用前景的新策略，可用于食品和饲料加工。在这项研究中，我们调查了 32 株罗得西亚放线菌对经济上重要的真菌毒素的降解能力：黄曲霉毒素 B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马菌素 B1、呕吐毒素和赭曲霉毒素 A，并使用先前开发的毒性分析方法监测黄曲霉毒素 B1 和玉米赤霉烯酮降解过程及其降解产物的安全性。此外，还进行了实验以分析最佳毒素降解/解毒菌株对黄曲霉毒素 B1、玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素混合物的多毒素降解能力。这使得即使是多毒素降解，也能够选择最安全和最有效的罗得西亚放线菌。我们得出结论，几种罗得西亚放线菌能够有效地降解芳香族真菌毒素，它们在真菌毒素生物解毒过程中的应用是生物技术的一个有前途的领域。
