Trivedi Shilpa, Lal Nand, Mahdi Abbas Ali, Mittal Madhukar, Singh Babita, Pandey Shivani
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Periodontol. 2014 May;85(5):713-20. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130066. Epub 2013 Jul 29.
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of diabetes, a known risk factor for periodontitis, on activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT) as well as levels of free radical damage marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood and saliva of individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP).
Sixty patients with CP (30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [DMCP] and 30 systemically healthy patients [CP]) and 60 periodontally healthy individuals (30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 30 systemically healthy patients [PH]) were included in this study. After clinical measurements, blood and saliva samples were collected. SOD, GR, and CAT activities in red blood cell lysate and saliva and MDA levels in plasma and saliva samples were spectrophotometrically assayed. An analysis of variance test followed by a post hoc test was used to compare the intragroup and intergroup variances among the study groups.
MDA levels in both the periodontitis groups were higher than in the periodontally healthy groups, but the difference between the CP and DMCP groups did not reach statistical significance (P >0.05). There was a highly significant difference between the CP and PH groups for all the enzymes studied except for SOD in blood. Only salivary SOD and GR activities were significantly different in the CP and DMCP groups.
This study favors the role of oxidative stress in both diabetes and periodontitis. It shows that the compensatory mechanism of the body is partially collapsed because of excessive production of free radicals during periodontitis and is not able to cope with increased free radical generation attributable to diabetes, thereby worsening the situation.
本研究旨在调查糖尿病（已知的牙周炎风险因素）对慢性牙周炎（CP）患者血液和唾液中抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性以及自由基损伤标志物丙二醛（MDA）水平的影响。
本研究纳入了60例CP患者（30例2型糖尿病患者[DMCP]和30例全身健康患者[CP]）以及60例牙周健康个体（30例2型糖尿病患者和30例全身健康患者[PH]）。在进行临床测量后，采集血液和唾液样本。采用分光光度法测定红细胞裂解物和唾液中的SOD、GR和CAT活性以及血浆和唾液样本中的MDA水平。使用方差分析检验及事后检验来比较研究组内和组间的差异。
两个牙周炎组中的MDA水平均高于牙周健康组，但CP组和DMCP组之间的差异未达到统计学意义（P>0.05）。除血液中的SOD外, CP组和PH组在所研究的所有酶方面均存在高度显著差异。CP组和DMCP组仅在唾液SOD和GR活性方面存在显著差异。
本研究支持氧化应激在糖尿病和牙周炎中的作用。研究表明，由于牙周炎期间自由基的过量产生，机体的代偿机制部分崩溃，无法应对糖尿病导致的自由基生成增加，从而使情况恶化。
