Veerakumar Pitchaimani, Ramdass Arumugam, Rajagopal Seenivasan
Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India.
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2013 Jul;13(7):4761-86. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2013.7568.
Nanoparticles have generated intense interest over the past 20 years due to their high potential applications in different areas such as catalysis, sensors, nanoscale electronics, fuel and solar cells and optoelectronics. As the large fractions of metal atoms are exposed to the surface, the use of metal nanoparticles as nanocatalysts allows mild reaction conditions and high catalytic efficiency in a large number of chemical transformations. They have emerged as sustainable heterogeneous catalysts and catalyst supports alternative to conventional materials. This review focuses on the synthesis, characterization and catalytic role of ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) on the redox reactions of heteroatom containing organic compounds with the green reagent H2O2, a field that has attracted immense interest among the chemical, materials and industrial communities. We intend to present a broad overview of Ru nanocatalysts for redox reactions with an emphasis on their performance, stability and reusability. The growth in the chemistry of organic sulfoxides and N-oxides during last decade was due to their importance as synthetic intermediates for the production of a wide range of chemically and biologically active molecules. Thus design of efficient methods for the synthesis of sulfoxides and N-oxides becomes important. This review concentrates on the catalysis of RuNPs on the H2O2 oxidation of organic sulfides to sulfoxides and amines to N-oxides. The deoxygenation reactions of sulfoxides to sulfides and reduction of nitro compounds to amines are fundamental reactions in both chemistry and biology. Here, we also highlight the catalysis of metal nanoparticles on the deoxygenation of sulfoxides and sulfones and reduction of nitro compounds with particular emphasis on the mechanistic aspects.
在过去20年里，纳米颗粒因其在催化、传感器、纳米级电子学、燃料和太阳能电池以及光电子学等不同领域的高潜在应用而引起了广泛关注。由于大部分金属原子暴露在表面，使用金属纳米颗粒作为纳米催化剂可实现温和的反应条件，并在大量化学转化中具有高催化效率。它们已成为传统材料的可持续多相催化剂和催化剂载体替代品。本综述聚焦于钌纳米颗粒（RuNPs）在含杂原子有机化合物与绿色试剂过氧化氢的氧化还原反应中的合成、表征及催化作用，这一领域在化学、材料和工业界引起了极大兴趣。我们旨在全面概述用于氧化还原反应的钌纳米催化剂，重点关注其性能、稳定性和可重复使用性。过去十年中，有机亚砜和N - 氧化物化学的发展归因于它们作为合成多种化学和生物活性分子的合成中间体的重要性。因此，设计高效合成亚砜和N - 氧化物的方法变得至关重要。本综述着重于RuNPs催化过氧化氢将有机硫化物氧化为亚砜以及将胺氧化为N - 氧化物。亚砜脱氧生成硫化物以及硝基化合物还原为胺的反应在化学和生物学中都是基本反应。在此，我们还强调了金属纳米颗粒在亚砜和砜的脱氧以及硝基化合物还原方面的催化作用，特别侧重于其机理方面。
