Ciurea A V, Palade C, Voinescu D, Nica D A
Neurosurgery Clinic, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
J Med Life. 2013 Jun 15;6(2):120-5. Epub 2013 Jun 25.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage represents a serious disease with high mortality and morbidity. Two important areas are becoming the central research interest of subarachnoid hemorrhage: cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury. The authors have reviewed the major contributions in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage documented in the medical literature in the past 5 years. Treatments interfering with nitric oxide - or endothelin-pathways continue to show antispasmotic effects in experimental models of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Inflammation and oxidative stress play a vital role in the pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm. Apoptosis, a relevant cause of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage, also underline the etiology of cerebral vasospasm. Future research studies will continue to elucidate the pathophysiological pathways and treatment modalities targeting cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury, enabling an improvement in outcome for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.
蛛网膜下腔出血是一种死亡率和发病率都很高的严重疾病。两个重要领域正成为蛛网膜下腔出血研究的核心兴趣点：脑血管痉挛和早期脑损伤。作者回顾了过去5年医学文献中记录的实验性蛛网膜下腔出血的主要研究成果。干扰一氧化氮或内皮素途径的治疗方法在蛛网膜下腔出血的实验模型中继续显示出抗痉挛作用。炎症和氧化应激在脑血管痉挛的病理生理学中起着至关重要的作用。细胞凋亡是蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤的一个相关原因，也凸显了脑血管痉挛的病因。未来的研究将继续阐明针对脑血管痉挛和早期脑损伤的病理生理途径和治疗方式，从而改善蛛网膜下腔出血患者的预后。
