Naiman Shoshana, Cohen Haim Y
The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2012 Oct 31;3(4):e0022. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10093. Print 2012 Oct.
The sirtuins are highly conserved enzyme homologues of the yeast Sir2, with activities of NAD+ dependent deacetylase and/or mono ADP ribosyltransferase. A long line of evidence has implicated sirtuins in regulating the aging process of yeast, worms, flies, and rodents. Moreover, much work has been published on the important role of sirtuins in several age-related diseases such as diabetes type II, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and dyslipidemia. However, despite the many publications supporting a pro-longevity role for sirtuins, there has been emerging debate about the direct role of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster sirtuins in aging and in lifespan extension in response to dietary restriction. In addition, until recently, the role of the seven mammalian sirtuins, SIRT1 to SIRT7, in regulating lifespan was unclear. Here, we review the history of the scientific debate on the role of sirtuins in regulating lifespan, especially in light of a recent publication showing a direct regulation of mammalian lifespan by a sirtuin family member, SIRT6.
沉默调节蛋白是酵母Sir2的高度保守的酶同源物，具有NAD+依赖性脱乙酰酶和/或单ADP核糖基转移酶活性。大量证据表明，沉默调节蛋白参与调节酵母、蠕虫、果蝇和啮齿动物的衰老过程。此外，关于沉默调节蛋白在几种与年龄相关的疾病（如II型糖尿病、癌症、心血管疾病和血脂异常）中的重要作用，已经发表了许多研究成果。然而，尽管有许多出版物支持沉默调节蛋白具有促进长寿的作用，但关于秀丽隐杆线虫和黑腹果蝇的沉默调节蛋白在衰老以及对饮食限制的寿命延长反应中的直接作用，一直存在着争议。此外，直到最近，七种哺乳动物沉默调节蛋白SIRT1至SIRT7在调节寿命方面的作用仍不清楚。在这里，我们回顾了关于沉默调节蛋白在调节寿命方面作用的科学辩论历史，特别是鉴于最近一篇出版物表明沉默调节蛋白家族成员SIRT6对哺乳动物寿命有直接调节作用。
