Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven.
Emotion. 2013 Dec;13(6):1132-41. doi: 10.1037/a0033579. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
Depression not only involves disturbances in prevailing affect, but also in how affect fluctuates over time. Yet, precisely which patterns of affect dynamics are associated with depressive symptoms remains unclear; depression has been linked with increased affective variability and instability, but also with greater resistance to affective change (inertia). In this paper, we argue that these paradoxical findings stem from a number of neglected methodological/analytical factors, which we address using a novel paradigm and analytic approach. Participants (N = 99), preselected to represent a wide range of depressive symptoms, watched a series of emotional film clips and rated their affect at baseline and following each film clip. We also assessed participants' affect in daily life over 1 week using experience sampling. When controlling for overlap between different measures of affect dynamics, depressive symptoms were independently associated with higher inertia of negative affect in the lab, and with greater negative affect variability both in the lab and in daily life. In contrast, depressive symptoms were not independently related to higher affective instability either in daily life or in the lab.
抑郁不仅涉及当前情绪的紊乱，还涉及情绪随时间的波动。然而，究竟哪些情绪动态模式与抑郁症状相关仍然不清楚；抑郁与情绪变异性和不稳定性增加有关，但也与情绪变化的更大阻力（惯性）有关。在本文中，我们认为这些矛盾的发现源于一些被忽视的方法/分析因素，我们使用一种新的范式和分析方法来解决这些问题。参与者（N=99）预先选择，以代表广泛的抑郁症状，观看一系列情感电影片段，并在基线和观看每个电影片段后对他们的情绪进行评分。我们还使用经验抽样法在一周内评估参与者的日常生活中的情绪。当控制不同情绪动态测量之间的重叠时，抑郁症状与实验室中负性情绪的惯性增加独立相关，与实验室和日常生活中更大的负性情绪变异性独立相关。相比之下，抑郁症状与日常生活或实验室中的更高情绪不稳定性无关。
