National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Trends Cell Biol. 2013 Dec;23(12):587-92. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
Inherent and acquired defects in gene expression, protein homeostasis, metabolic pathways, and organelle function are linked to aging and a wide range of human diseases. Although concealed or dormant in the embryonic stage, they often manifest later in life. We review and discuss recent observations on how somatic cells bearing specific phenotypic defects can be reprogrammed into a pluripotent state where most phenotypic abnormalities can be reset or tolerated. Gaining insights into the tolerance of cellular defects in pluripotent stem cells will facilitate our understanding of the properties of reprogrammed cells and may provide theoretical guidance for induced pluripotent stem cell based disease modeling and clinical therapies.
基因表达、蛋白质动态平衡、代谢途径和细胞器功能的固有和获得性缺陷与衰老和多种人类疾病有关。尽管在胚胎阶段被隐藏或休眠，但它们通常在以后的生活中表现出来。我们回顾和讨论了最近的观察结果，即在特定表型缺陷的体细胞如何被重新编程为多能状态，在这种状态下，大多数表型异常可以被重置或耐受。深入了解多能干细胞中细胞缺陷的耐受性将有助于我们理解重编程细胞的特性，并可能为基于诱导多能干细胞的疾病建模和临床治疗提供理论指导。
