School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Mar Drugs. 2013 Aug 2;11(8):2695-712. doi: 10.3390/md11082695.
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxin that has been reported from taxonomically diverse organisms across 14 different phyla. The biogenic origin of tetrodotoxin is still disputed, however, TTX biosynthesis by host-associated bacteria has been reported. An investigation into the culturable microbial populations from the TTX-associated blue-ringed octopus Hapalochlaena sp. and sea slug Pleurobranchaea maculata revealed a surprisingly high microbial diversity. Although TTX was not detected among the cultured isolates, PCR screening identifiedsome natural product biosynthesis genes putatively involved in its assembly. This study is the first to report on the microbial diversity of culturable communities from H. maculosa and P. maculata and common natural product biosynthesis genes from their microbiota. We also reassess the production of TTX reported from three bacterial strains isolated from the TTX-containing gastropod Nassarius semiplicatus.
河豚毒素 (TTX) 是一种已在 14 个不同门的分类上多样化的生物体中报告过的神经毒素。河豚毒素的生物起源仍存在争议，然而，已有报道称宿主相关细菌可以合成 TTX。对与 TTX 相关的蓝环章鱼 Hapalochlaena sp. 和海蛞蝓 Pleurobranchaea maculata 可培养微生物种群的调查显示出惊人的高微生物多样性。尽管在培养的分离物中未检测到 TTX，但 PCR 筛选鉴定出了一些可能参与其组装的天然产物生物合成基因。这项研究首次报道了来自 H. maculosa 和 P. maculata 的可培养群落以及来自它们的微生物群的常见天然产物生物合成基因的微生物多样性。我们还重新评估了从含有 TTX 的腹足纲动物 Nassarius semiplicatus 中分离出的三株细菌报告的 TTX 产量。
