Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5174, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2013 Dec;25(6):676-86. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.07.007. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
The study of eukaryotic cell cycle regulation over the last several decades has led to a remarkably detailed understanding of the complex regulatory system that drives this fundamental process. This allows us to now look for recurring motifs in the regulatory system. Among these are negative feedback loops, which underpin checkpoints and generate cell cycle oscillations; positive feedback loops, which promote oscillations and make cell cycle transitions switch-like and unidirectional; and reciprocal regulation, which can increase the control a key regulator exerts. These simple motifs are found at multiple points in the cell cycle (e.g. S-phase and M-phase control) and are conserved in diverse organisms. These findings argue for an underlying unity in the principles of cell cycle control.
几十年来，对真核细胞周期调控的研究使我们对驱动这一基本过程的复杂调控系统有了非常详细的了解。这使我们现在能够在调控系统中寻找重复出现的模式。其中包括负反馈回路，它们为检查点提供支撑，并产生细胞周期振荡；正反馈回路，促进振荡，使细胞周期转变具有开关样和单向性；以及相互调节，这可以增加关键调节剂的控制力度。这些简单的模式在细胞周期的多个点（例如 S 期和 M 期控制）都有发现，并在不同的生物中保守存在。这些发现表明细胞周期调控的原则具有内在的统一性。
