Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases.
J Infect Dis. 2013 Dec 15;208(12):1979-86. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit408. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Sporadic cases of parotitis are generally assumed to be mumps, which often requires a resource-intensive public health response. This project surveyed the frequency of viruses detected among such cases.
During 2009-2011, 8 jurisdictions throughout the United States investigated sporadic cases of parotitis. Epidemiologic information, serum, and buccal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected. Polymerase chain reaction methods were used to detect a panel of viruses. Anti-mumps virus immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were detected using a variety of methods.
Of 101 specimens, 38 were positive for a single virus: Epstein-Barr virus (23), human herpesvirus (HHV)-6B (10), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV)-2 (3), HPIV-3 (1), and human bocavirus (1). Mumps virus, enteroviruses (including human parechovirus), HHV-6A, HPIV-1, and adenoviruses were not detected. Early specimen collection did not improve viral detection rate. Mumps IgM was detected in 17% of available specimens. Patients in whom a virus was detected were younger, but no difference was seen by sex or vaccination profile. No seasonal patterns were identified.
Considering the timing of specimen collection, serology results, patient vaccination status, and time of year may be helpful in assessing the likelihood that a sporadic case of parotitis without laboratory confirmation is mumps.
散发性腮腺炎通常被认为是流行性腮腺炎，这通常需要资源密集型的公共卫生应对。本项目调查了此类病例中检测到的病毒频率。
2009 年至 2011 年期间，美国 8 个司法管辖区调查了散发性腮腺炎病例。收集了流行病学信息、血清以及颊部和口咽部拭子。采用聚合酶链反应方法检测了一组病毒。使用多种方法检测抗腮腺炎病毒免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）抗体。
在 101 份标本中，38 份标本检测到单一病毒呈阳性：EB 病毒（23）、人类疱疹病毒 6B（10）、人类副流感病毒 2（3）、人类副流感病毒 3（1）和人类博卡病毒（1）。未检测到腮腺炎病毒、肠道病毒（包括人类副肠孤病毒）、HHV-6A、HPIV-1 和腺病毒。早期采集标本并未提高病毒检测率。在可用标本中检测到 17%的腮腺炎 IgM。检测到病毒的患者年龄较小，但性别或疫苗接种情况无差异。未发现季节性模式。
考虑到标本采集的时间、血清学结果、患者疫苗接种状况和一年中的时间，可能有助于评估未经实验室确认的散发性腮腺炎病例是否为流行性腮腺炎的可能性。
