Lange P, Groth S, Nyboe J, Mortensen J, Appleyard M, Schnohr P, Jensen G
Medical Department B, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Intern Med. 1990 Aug;228(2):115-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00203.x.
Data from a prospective epidemiological study that included 2025 plain cigarette smokers were analysed to investigate the effect of phlegm production of changing to filter cigarettes or quitting smoking. During a 5-year follow-up, 189 subjects quitted smoking, 312 changed to filter cigarettes, while 1524 continued to smoke plain cigarettes. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for age, duration of smoking, number of cigarettes smoked, socio-economic status and alcohol consumption. Smokers with morning phlegm at enrollment, who changed to filter cigarettes during the follow-up, had a probability ratio of 1.9 of phlegm production ceasing, compared with smokers who continued to smoke plain cigarettes (P less than 0.05). However, the probability ratio of developing morning phlegm among smokers who changed to filter cigarettes compared to those who continued to smoke plain cigarettes was 1.6 (P less than 0.05). The overall prevalence of morning phlegm at the end of the follow-up was the same in smokers who changed to filter cigarettes as in persistent plain cigarette smokers. The trends for chronic phlegm were similar, although they did not reach statistical significance. The smokers who stopped smoking had a probability ratio of 0.4 of developing morning phlegm (P less than 0.01) and a ratio of 7.7 for ceasing to produce it (P less than 0.001) compared to the smokers who continued to smoke plain cigarettes. Our results suggest that changing from plain to filter cigarettes is associated with a higher frequency of cessation of phlegm production, but offers no protection against the development of phlegm.
对一项前瞻性流行病学研究的数据进行了分析，该研究纳入了2025名普通卷烟吸烟者，以调查改用滤嘴卷烟或戒烟对痰液产生的影响。在5年的随访期间，189名受试者戒烟，312人改用滤嘴卷烟，而1524人继续吸普通卷烟。采用多元逻辑回归分析对年龄、吸烟时间、吸烟量、社会经济地位和饮酒情况进行校正。入组时伴有晨起咳痰、随访期间改用滤嘴卷烟的吸烟者，与继续吸普通卷烟的吸烟者相比，痰液停止产生的概率比为1.9（P<0.05）。然而，改用滤嘴卷烟的吸烟者与继续吸普通卷烟的吸烟者相比，出现晨起咳痰的概率比为1.6（P<0.05）。随访结束时，改用滤嘴卷烟的吸烟者晨起咳痰的总体患病率与持续吸普通卷烟的吸烟者相同。慢性咳痰的趋势相似，尽管未达到统计学显著性。与继续吸普通卷烟的吸烟者相比，戒烟者出现晨起咳痰的概率比为0.4（P<0.01），停止咳痰的概率比为7.7（P<0.001）。我们的结果表明，从普通卷烟改用滤嘴卷烟与痰液产生停止的频率较高相关，但对咳痰的发生没有预防作用。
