Komáreková Ivana, Straka Lubomír, Novomeský František, Hejna Petr
Soud Lek. 2013 Jul;58(3):36-8.
It is a well-known fact that after drinking the same amount of alcohol, women show more signs of the effects of alcohol than men of the same weight. It seems that the main factors responsible for sex differences in alcohol metabolism and influence are the relatively lower amount of body water related to body fat in women than men and lower gastric ADH activity in women, both of which enable women to reach higher BAC after drinking equivalent amounts of alcohol with men. On the other hand, first-pass metabolism of alcohol during passing through the liver is more rapid in women, probably due to bigger liver mass in women than in men. It is proven that alcohol and sex hormones have bilateral influence on each other. Women with more rapid alcohol elimination ability show higher levels of sex hormones in blood than the rest. It seems that the specific body constitution of the female organism as well as the unique combination of their sex hormones is responsible for the gender differences in alcohol influence.
alcohol metabolism - gender differences - gastric ADH - blood alcohol concentration.
众所周知，饮用相同量的酒精后，体重相同的女性比男性表现出更多酒精影响的迹象。酒精代谢和影响方面性别差异的主要因素似乎是，与男性相比，女性体内与体脂相关的身体水分相对较少，且女性胃中的乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）活性较低，这两者都使女性在与男性饮用等量酒精后达到更高的血液酒精浓度（BAC）。另一方面，酒精在通过肝脏时的首过代谢在女性中更快，这可能是由于女性的肝脏质量比男性大。事实证明，酒精和性激素相互之间有双向影响。酒精消除能力较快的女性血液中的性激素水平高于其他女性。似乎女性机体的特定体质以及其性激素的独特组合是酒精影响存在性别差异的原因。
酒精代谢 - 性别差异 - 胃乙醇脱氢酶 - 血液酒精浓度
