Department of Psychology, University of Colorado.
J Cogn Neurosci. 1992 Summer;4(3):208-16. doi: 10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.208.
Abstract Some important empirical findings and theoretical positions that interest contemporary students of learning and memory are discussed in the context of Luria's (1979) memory coherence perspective. This approach assumes that an important challenge to memory function is remaining closed to the influence of associations that are extraneous to the demands of the task at hand. We argue that the ability to support configural associations between representations of the joint occurrence or conjunction of two or more stimulus elements and a target memory is an important feature of a closed system but that an open system can support only elemental associations with the target. Successful performance in many tasks used to study memory can be achieved by elemental associations, but other tasks require the formation of and retrieval by configural associations. From this perspective, the pattern of spared and impaired performance often seen in animals and people with brain damage to the hippocampal system or in amnesic people of various etiologies results because their memory systems are open and can support only elemental associations.
摘要 本文讨论了当代学习和记忆研究者感兴趣的一些重要实证发现和理论立场，这些发现和理论是在 Luria（1979）的记忆连贯观点的背景下提出的。这种方法假设，记忆功能面临的一个重要挑战是，抵制与手头任务要求无关的联想的影响。我们认为，支持两个或多个刺激元素的联合出现或结合的表示与目标记忆之间的组合联想的能力是封闭系统的一个重要特征，但开放系统只能支持与目标的元素联想。在许多用于研究记忆的任务中，成功的表现可以通过元素联想来实现，但其他任务需要形成和通过组合联想来检索。从这个角度来看，在海马系统受损的动物和人或有各种病因的健忘症患者中经常看到的保留和受损表现模式是因为他们的记忆系统是开放的，只能支持元素联想。
