Dai Zhijie, Harrow Sarah-Eve, Song Xianwen, Rucklidge Julia J, Grace Randolph C
Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, P. R. China University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
J Atten Disord. 2016 Nov;20(11):968-978. doi: 10.1177/1087054713496461. Epub 2013 Aug 21.
We investigated the relationship between impulsivity, as measured by delay and probability discounting, and gambling-related cognitions and behavior in adults with and without ADHD.
Adults who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria for ADHD (n = 31) and controls (n = 29) were recruited from the community. All completed an interview that included an assessment of psychiatric disorders, gambling questionnaires, and simulated gambling, delay, and probability discounting tasks.
The ADHD group was more likely to meet the criteria for problem gambling and was more impulsive than controls based on a composite discounting measure. ADHD symptoms were correlated with gambling-related cognitions and behavior. Probability, but not delay discounting, explained significant variance in gambling-related measures after controlling for ADHD symptoms.
Results confirm an association between adult ADHD and gambling, and suggest that the facets of impulsivity related to risk proneness may be an independent risk factor for problem gambling in this population.
我们研究了通过延迟和概率折扣测量的冲动性与患有和未患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的成年人中与赌博相关的认知及行为之间的关系。
从社区招募符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（第4版；DSM - IV）ADHD诊断标准的成年人（n = 31）和对照组（n = 29）。所有人都完成了一次访谈，其中包括对精神疾病的评估、赌博问卷以及模拟赌博、延迟和概率折扣任务。
基于综合折扣测量，ADHD组比对照组更有可能符合问题赌博的标准且更冲动。ADHD症状与赌博相关的认知及行为相关。在控制ADHD症状后，概率而非延迟折扣解释了赌博相关测量中的显著差异。
结果证实了成人ADHD与赌博之间的关联，并表明与风险倾向相关的冲动性方面可能是该人群中问题赌博的一个独立风险因素。
