Nazemi Lyly, Skoog Ingmar, Karlsson Ingvar, Hosseini Saeed, Hosseini Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh Mohammad Javad, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Pouransari Zahra, Chamari Maryam, Baikpour Masoud
Dept. of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2013 Jun 1;42(6):559-69. eCollection 2013.
The most common geriatric psychiatric disorder is depression, known to be a multi factorial disorder. However, the influence of common preventable factors is yet to be discovered. This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and some possible risk factors in elderly residents of nursing homes in Iran.
Data on demographic characteristics, nutritional and health status of 244 residents aged 60 years or older were collected from seventeen nursing homes in Tehran, Iran, during 2010 to 2012. Depression was assessed and classified according to the 15-item GDS. Univariate and then multivariate complex sample survey ordinal regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between depression and the risk factors.
The average age of the 244 cases studied was 75.8 (±8.7) years, 53.3% were female (of whom 74.2% were housewives), 43.4% illiterate, and 32.0% were divorced or were living separately. The percentages of non-depressed, mild, moderate and severe depression were 9.8%, 50.0%, 29.5% and 10.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that dissatisfaction with personnel of nursing homes and food quality had odds ratios of 2.91 (1.33-6.36) and 2.64 (1.44-4.87), corresponding to greater odds of having a higher grade depression. Moreover, those who rested or walked had significantly higher risk of a more severe depression in comparison with those who did not (OR of 2.25 (1.50-3.38) and 1.98 (1.24-3.18), respectively), however, studying had a protective odds ratio of 0.17 (0.13-0.22).
Depression was very common in our sample and their lifestyle influenced its prevalence.
最常见的老年精神障碍是抑郁症，这是一种多因素疾病。然而，常见可预防因素的影响尚未明确。本研究旨在评估伊朗养老院老年居民中抑郁症的患病率及一些可能的危险因素。
2010年至2012年期间，从伊朗德黑兰的17家养老院收集了244名60岁及以上居民的人口统计学特征、营养和健康状况数据。根据15项老年抑郁量表（GDS）对抑郁症进行评估和分类。进行单因素分析，然后进行多因素复杂样本调查有序回归分析，以研究抑郁症与危险因素之间的关联。
所研究的244例患者的平均年龄为75.8（±8.7）岁，53.3%为女性（其中74.2%为家庭主妇），43.4%为文盲，32.0%离婚或独居。非抑郁、轻度、中度和重度抑郁症的比例分别为9.8%、50.0%、29.5%和10.7%。多因素分析显示，对养老院工作人员和食物质量不满意的比值比分别为2.91（1.33 - 6.36）和2.64（1.44 - 4.87），对应更高等级抑郁症的患病几率更高。此外，与不休息或不散步的人相比，休息或散步的人患更严重抑郁症的风险显著更高（比值比分别为2.25（1.50 - 3.38）和1.98（1.24 - 3.18）），然而，学习具有0.17（0.13 - 0.22）的保护比值比。
抑郁症在我们的样本中非常常见，他们的生活方式影响其患病率。
