Donges Cheyne E, Duffield Rob, Guelfi Kym J, Smith Greg C, Adams David R, Edge Johann A
School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Avenue, Bathurst, Australia, 2795.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2013 Jul;38(7):779-88. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0443. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
The effect of duration-matched concurrent exercise training (CET) (50% resistance (RET) and 50% endurance (EET) training) on physiological training outcomes in untrained middle-aged men remains to be elucidated. Forty-seven men (age, 48.1 ± 6.8 years; body mass index, 30.4 ± 4.1 kg·m(-2)) were randomized into 12-weeks of EET (40-60 min of cycling), RET (10 exercises; 3-4 sets × 8-10 repetitions), CET (50% serial completion of RET and EET), or control condition. The following were determined: intervention-based changes in fitness and strength; abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), total body fat (TB-FM) and fat-free (TB-FFM) mass; plasma cytokines (C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) interleukin-6 (IL-6)); muscle protein content of p110α and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4); mRNA expression of GLUT4, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α-β, cytochrome c oxidase, hexokinase II, citrate synthase; oral glucose tolerance; and estimated insulin sensitivity. CET promoted commensurate improvements of aerobic capacity and muscular strength and reduced VAT and TB-FM equivalently to EET and RET (p < 0.05), yet only RET increased TB-FFM (p < 0.05). Although TNFα and IL-6 were reduced after all training interventions (p < 0.05), CRP remained unchanged (p > 0.05). EET reduced area under the curve for glucose, insulin, and C-peptide, whilst CET and RET respectively reduced insulin and C-peptide, and C-peptide only (p < 0.05). Notwithstanding increased insulin sensitivity index after all training interventions (p < 0.05), no change presented for GLUT4 or p110α total protein, or chronic mRNA expression of the studied mitochondrial genes (p > 0.05). In middle-aged men, 12 weeks of duration-matched CET promoted commensurate changes in fitness and strength, abdominal VAT, plasma cytokines and insulin sensitivity, and an equidistant glucose tolerance response to EET and RET; despite no change of measured muscle mechanisms associative to insulin action, glucose transport, and mitochondrial function.
持续时间匹配的同时进行的运动训练（CET）（50%抗阻训练（RET）和50%耐力训练（EET））对未经训练的中年男性生理训练结果的影响仍有待阐明。47名男性（年龄48.1±6.8岁；体重指数30.4±4.1kg·m⁻²）被随机分为12周的EET组（40 - 60分钟骑自行车）、RET组（10项练习；3 - 4组×8 - 10次重复）、CET组（RET和EET各50%依次完成）或对照组。测定了以下指标：基于干预的体能和力量变化；腹部内脏脂肪组织（VAT）、全身脂肪（TB - FM）和去脂体重（TB - FFM）；血浆细胞因子（C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子 - α（TNFα）、白细胞介素 - 6（IL - 6））；p110α和葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）的肌肉蛋白含量；GLUT4、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 - γ共激活因子 - 1α - β、细胞色素c氧化酶、己糖激酶II、柠檬酸合酶的mRNA表达；口服葡萄糖耐量；以及估计的胰岛素敏感性。CET促进了有氧能力和肌肉力量的相应改善，与EET和RET等效地降低了VAT和TB - FM（p < 0.05），但只有RET增加了TB - FFM（p < 0.05）。尽管所有训练干预后TNFα和IL - 6均降低（p < 0.05），但CRP保持不变（p > 0.05）。EET降低了葡萄糖、胰岛素和C肽的曲线下面积，而CET和RET分别降低了胰岛素和C肽，以及仅C肽（p < 0.05）。尽管所有训练干预后胰岛素敏感性指数增加（p < 0.05），但GLUT4或p110α总蛋白以及所研究的线粒体基因的慢性mRNA表达没有变化（p > 0.05）。在中年男性中，12周持续时间匹配的CET促进了体能和力量、腹部VAT、血浆细胞因子和胰岛素敏感性的相应变化，以及对EET和RET等距的葡萄糖耐量反应；尽管与胰岛素作用、葡萄糖转运和线粒体功能相关的测量肌肉机制没有变化。
