Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Stem Cells Int. 2013;2013:435093. doi: 10.1155/2013/435093. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
Systemically infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging therapeutics for treating stroke, acute injuries, and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as brain tumors due to their regenerative capacity and ability to secrete trophic, immune modulatory, or other engineered therapeutic factors. It is hypothesized that transplanted MSCs home to and engraft at ischemic and injured sites in the brain in order to exert their therapeutic effects. However, whether MSCs possess the ability to migrate across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that separates the blood from the brain remains unresolved. This review analyzes recent advances in this area in an attempt to elucidate whether systemically infused MSCs are able to actively transmigrate across the CNS endothelium, particularly under conditions of injury or stroke. Understanding the fate of transplanted MSCs and their CNS trafficking mechanisms will facilitate the development of more effective stem-cell-based therapeutics and drug delivery systems to treat neurological diseases and brain tumors.
系统输注的间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其具有再生能力和分泌营养、免疫调节或其他工程治疗因子的能力，正在成为治疗中风、急性损伤和中枢神经系统（CNS）炎症性疾病以及脑肿瘤的新兴治疗方法。据推测，移植的 MSCs 能够归巢到脑缺血和损伤部位，并在那里定植，从而发挥其治疗作用。然而，MSCs 是否具有穿过血脑屏障（BBB）的能力，从而将血液与大脑分隔开来，这一点仍未得到解决。本综述分析了该领域的最新进展，试图阐明系统输注的 MSCs 是否能够主动穿过中枢神经系统内皮细胞，特别是在损伤或中风的情况下。了解移植的 MSCs 的命运及其在中枢神经系统中的迁移机制将有助于开发更有效的基于干细胞的治疗方法和药物输送系统，以治疗神经疾病和脑肿瘤。
