González-Parra Emilio, Herrero Jose Antonio, Elewa Usama, Bosch Ricardo J, Arduán Alberto Ortiz, Egido Jesus
Servicio de Nefrología, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz and IRSIN, Madrid, Spain ; Unidad de Dialisis, Servicio de Nefrología, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain ; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Int J Nephrol. 2013;2013:437857. doi: 10.1155/2013/437857. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
Phenols are uremic toxins of intestinal origin formed by bacteria during protein metabolism. Of these molecules, p-cresol is the most studied and has been associated with renal function impairment and vascular damage. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a molecule with structural similarity with phenols found in plastic food and beverage containers as well as in some dialyzers. BPA is considered an environmental toxicant based on animal and cell culture studies. Japanese authorities recently banned BPA use in baby bottles based on observational association studies in newborns. BPA is excreted in urine and uremic patients present higher serum levels, but there is insufficient evidence to set cut-off levels or to link BPA to any harmful effect in CKD. However, the renal elimination and potential exposure during dialysis warrant the monitoring of BPA exposure and the design of observational studies in which the potential health risks of BPA for end-stage renal disease patients are evaluated.
酚类是肠道来源的尿毒症毒素，由细菌在蛋白质代谢过程中形成。在这些分子中，对甲酚是研究最多的，并且与肾功能损害和血管损伤有关。双酚A（BPA）是一种与在塑料食品和饮料容器以及一些透析器中发现的酚类结构相似的分子。基于动物和细胞培养研究，BPA被认为是一种环境毒物。日本当局最近基于对新生儿的观察性关联研究，禁止在婴儿奶瓶中使用BPA。BPA通过尿液排出，尿毒症患者的血清水平较高，但没有足够的证据来设定临界值或将BPA与慢性肾脏病的任何有害影响联系起来。然而，肾脏清除以及透析期间的潜在暴露使得有必要监测BPA暴露，并设计观察性研究来评估BPA对终末期肾病患者的潜在健康风险。
