Department of Sociology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Sep 17;110(38):15236-41. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1314857110. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
A violation of trust can have quite different consequences, depending on the nature of the relationship in which the trust breach occurs. In this article, we identify a key relationship characteristic that affects trust recovery: the extent of relationship experience before the trust breach. Across two experiments, this investigation establishes the behavioral effect that greater relationship experience before a trust breach fosters trust recovery. A neuroimaging experiment provides initial evidence that this behavioral effect is possible because of differential activation of two brain systems: while decision making after early trust breaches engages structures of a controlled social cognition system (C-system), specifically the anterior cingulate cortex and lateral frontal cortex, decision making after later trust breaches engages structures of an automatic social cognition system (X-system), specifically the lateral temporal cortex. The present findings make contributions to both social psychological theory and the neurophysiology of trust.
违反信任可能会产生截然不同的后果，具体取决于信任破裂发生的关系性质。在本文中，我们确定了一个关键的关系特征，它会影响信任的恢复：信任破裂前的关系经验程度。通过两项实验，本研究确立了这样一个行为效应，即在信任破裂之前有更多的关系经验会促进信任的恢复。一项神经影像学实验提供了初步证据，表明这种行为效应是可能的，原因在于两个大脑系统的不同激活：早期信任破裂后进行决策会激活一个受控制的社会认知系统（C 系统）的结构，特别是前扣带皮层和外侧额皮层，而后期信任破裂后进行决策则会激活一个自动社会认知系统（X 系统）的结构，特别是外侧颞叶皮层。本研究结果为社会心理学理论和信任的神经生理学做出了贡献。
