Molanouri Shamsi M, Hassan Z H, Gharakhanlou R, Quinn L S, Azadmanesh K, Baghersad L, Isanejad A, Mahdavi M
Physical Education & Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Jala Ale Ahmad Exp, 14117-13116, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran,
Endocrine. 2014 May;46(1):60-9. doi: 10.1007/s12020-013-0038-4. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
Skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with type-1 diabetes. Skeletal muscle is the source of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that can mediate muscle hypertrophy and atrophy, while resistance exercise can modulate both muscle mass and muscle cytokine expression. This study determined the effects of a 5-week resistance exercise training regimen on the expression of muscle cytokines in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, with special emphasis on interleukin-15 (IL-15), a muscle-derived cytokine proposed to be involved in muscle hypertrophy or responses to stress. Induction of diabetes reduced muscle weight in both the fast flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and slow soleus muscles, while resistance training preserved FHL muscle weight in diabetic rats. IL-15 protein content was increased by training in both FHL and soleus muscles, as well as serum, in normal and diabetic rats. With regard to proinflammatory cytokines, muscle IL-6 levels were increased in diabetic rats, while training decreased muscle IL-6 levels in diabetic rats; training had no effect on FHL muscle IL-6 levels in healthy rats. Also, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-1β levels were increased by diabetes, but not changed by training. In conclusion, we found that in diabetic rats, resistance training increased muscle and serum IL-15 levels, decreased muscle IL-6 levels, and preserved FHL muscle mass.
骨骼肌萎缩与1型糖尿病相关。骨骼肌是促炎和抗炎细胞因子的来源，这些细胞因子可介导肌肉肥大和萎缩，而抗阻运动可调节肌肉质量和肌肉细胞因子表达。本研究确定了为期5周的抗阻运动训练方案对健康大鼠和链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠肌肉细胞因子表达的影响，特别关注白细胞介素-15（IL-15），一种被认为参与肌肉肥大或应激反应的肌肉源性细胞因子。糖尿病的诱导降低了快肌拇长屈肌（FHL）和慢肌比目鱼肌的肌肉重量，而抗阻训练保留了糖尿病大鼠FHL的肌肉重量。在正常和糖尿病大鼠中，训练均增加了FHL和比目鱼肌以及血清中的IL-15蛋白含量。关于促炎细胞因子，糖尿病大鼠的肌肉IL-6水平升高，而训练降低了糖尿病大鼠的肌肉IL-6水平；训练对健康大鼠FHL肌肉的IL-6水平没有影响。此外，糖尿病会增加肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和IL-1β水平，但训练对其无影响。总之，我们发现，在糖尿病大鼠中，抗阻训练增加了肌肉和血清IL-15水平，降低了肌肉IL-6水平，并保留了FHL肌肉质量。
