Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Marmara Research Center, The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, TUBITAK, P.O. Box: 21, Gebze 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Sep 5;14(9):18181-99. doi: 10.3390/ijms140918181.
Small GTPases largely control membrane traffic, which is essential for the survival of all eukaryotes. Among the small GTP-binding proteins, ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1) and SAR1 (Secretion-Associated RAS super family 1) are commonly conserved among all eukaryotes with respect to both their functional and sequential characteristics. The ARF1 and SAR1 GTP-binding proteins are involved in the formation and budding of vesicles throughout plant endomembrane systems. ARF1 has been shown to play a critical role in COPI (Coat Protein Complex I)-mediated retrograde trafficking in eukaryotic systems, whereas SAR1 GTPases are involved in intracellular COPII-mediated protein trafficking from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. This review offers a summary of vesicular trafficking with an emphasis on the ARF1 and SAR1 expression patterns at early growth stages and in the de-etiolation process.
小 GTP 酶在很大程度上控制着膜运输，这对于所有真核生物的生存都是必不可少的。在小 GTP 结合蛋白中，ARF1（ADP-核糖基化因子 1）和 SAR1（分泌相关 RAS 超家族 1）在功能和序列特征上在所有真核生物中都普遍保守。ARF1 和 SAR1 GTP 结合蛋白参与了植物内膜系统中囊泡的形成和出芽。已经表明 ARF1 在真核系统中 COPI（衣被蛋白复合物 I）介导的逆行运输中发挥关键作用，而 SAR1 GTP 酶则参与了从内质网到高尔基体的细胞内 COPII 介导的蛋白质运输。本综述概述了囊泡运输，重点介绍了 ARF1 和 SAR1 在早期生长阶段和去黄化过程中的表达模式。
