Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology.
Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Nov;57(10):1384-92. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit549. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
Randomized controlled trials testing the association between vitamin D status and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) have given mixed results. During a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of colorectal adenoma chemoprevention, we tested whether 1000 IU/day vitamin D(3) supplementation reduced winter episodes and duration of URTI and its composite syndromes, influenza-like illness (ILI; fever and ≥2 of sore throat, cough, muscle ache, or headache) and colds (no fever, and ≥2 of runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, sore throat, cough, swollen or tender neck glands).
The 2259 trial participants were aged 45-75, in good health, had a history of colorectal adenoma, and had a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level ≥12 ng/mL. They were randomized to vitamin D(3) (1000 IU/day), calcium (1200 mg/day), both, or placebo. Of these, 759 participants completed daily symptom diaries. Secondary data included semiannual surveys of all participants.
Among those who completed symptom diaries, supplementation did not significantly reduce winter episodes of URTI (rate ratio [RR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], .79-1.09) including colds (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, .78-1.10) or ILI (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, .62-1.46), nor did it reduce winter days of illness (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, .90-1.43). There was no significant benefit according to adherence, influenza vaccination, body mass index, or baseline vitamin D status. Semiannual surveys of all participants (N = 2228) identified no benefit of supplementation on ILI (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% CI, .84-1.54) or colds (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, .87-1.23).
Supplementation with 1000 IU/day vitamin D(3) did not significantly reduce the incidence or duration of URTI in adults with a baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level ≥12 ng/mL.
随机对照试验测试了维生素 D 状态与上呼吸道感染（URTI）之间的关联，结果不一。在一项结直肠腺瘤化学预防的多中心随机对照试验中，我们检测了每天补充 1000IU 维生素 D3 是否可以减少冬季 URTI 发作和持续时间，以及其复合综合征，流感样疾病（发热和≥2 个咽痛、咳嗽、肌肉疼痛或头痛）和普通感冒（无发热，以及≥2 个流鼻涕、鼻塞、打喷嚏、咽痛、咳嗽、颈部淋巴结肿胀或触痛）。
2259 名试验参与者年龄在 45-75 岁，身体健康，有结直肠腺瘤病史，血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平≥12ng/mL。他们被随机分配至维生素 D3（1000IU/天）、钙（1200mg/天）、两者或安慰剂组。其中，759 名参与者完成了每日症状日记。次要数据包括所有参与者的半年一次的调查。
在完成症状日记的参与者中，补充剂并没有显著减少冬季 URTI 发作（RR，0.93；95%置信区间[CI]，0.79-1.09），包括普通感冒（RR，0.93；95% CI，0.78-1.10）或流感样疾病（RR，0.95；95% CI，0.62-1.46），也没有减少冬季患病天数（RR，1.13；95% CI，0.90-1.43）。根据依从性、流感疫苗接种、体重指数或基线维生素 D 状态，均未观察到显著益处。对所有参与者（n=2228）的半年一次的调查未发现补充剂对流感样疾病（OR，1.14；95% CI，0.84-1.54）或普通感冒（OR，1.03；95% CI，0.87-1.23）有任何益处。
在血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平≥12ng/mL 的成年人中，每天补充 1000IU 维生素 D3 并未显著降低 URTI 的发生率或持续时间。
