Grębowski Jacek, Kaźmierska Paulina, Krokosz Anita
Katedra Biofizyki Molekularnej, Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska, Uniwersytet Łódzki.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2013 Aug 23;67:859-72. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1063743.
Fullerenols, the water-soluble derivatives of fullerenes, are currently being recently intensively studied in the context of the possibility of their application in the biomedicine. Due to their hydrophilic properties and the ability to eliminate free radicals, fullerenols may in the future provide a solid alternative to currently used pharmacological methods in chemotherapy, treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and radiobiology. Depending on the research protocol applied, fullerenols may also act as pro oxidants. The dualistic nature of fullerenols may contribute to finding new biomedical applications of these agents in the future, by exerting a cytotoxic or protective effect respectively against cancer cells or healthy cells. Because of the encapsulated structure of fullerenols, there exists the possibility of their application in medical diagnostics in the transfer of contrast agents or in the drug transport. During the planning of an experiment designed to investigate the effects of radiation in combination with derivatives of water-soluble fullerenes, the possibility of appearance of the "dose-response effect" should be taken into consideration since it significantly contributes to one of the two possible effects: protection or sensitization. The same applies to the possibility of using these compounds as potential neuroprotectors. Fullerenol may protect neurons in the particular areas of the brain but in the definedcertain doses it may also induce cell death. A giant leap in the field of nanotechnology not only leads scientists to search for new applications of nanomaterials such as fullerenols, but also raises the question about their harmful effect on the environment. High utilization of hardly biodegradable fullerenols increases the likelihood of their accidental release into natural systems and their bioaccumulation. Despite convincing evidences about the potential applications of fullerenols in biomedicine, we still have insufficient knowledge about the mechanism of action of these molecules and their possible side effects.
富勒醇是富勒烯的水溶性衍生物，目前正因其在生物医学中的应用可能性而受到深入研究。由于其亲水性和清除自由基的能力，富勒醇未来可能为化疗、神经退行性疾病治疗和放射生物学中目前使用的药理学方法提供可靠的替代方案。根据所应用的研究方案，富勒醇也可能作为促氧化剂。富勒醇的二元性质可能有助于未来找到这些药物的新生物医学应用，分别对癌细胞或健康细胞发挥细胞毒性或保护作用。由于富勒醇的包封结构，它们有可能应用于医学诊断中的造影剂转移或药物运输。在设计旨在研究辐射与水溶性富勒烯衍生物联合作用的实验时，应考虑出现“剂量反应效应”的可能性，因为它对两种可能的效应之一：保护或致敏有显著贡献。这同样适用于将这些化合物用作潜在神经保护剂的可能性。富勒醇可能保护大脑特定区域的神经元，但在特定剂量下也可能诱导细胞死亡。纳米技术领域的巨大飞跃不仅促使科学家寻找富勒醇等纳米材料的新应用，也引发了它们对环境有害影响的问题。难以生物降解的富勒醇的高利用率增加了它们意外释放到自然系统并生物累积的可能性。尽管有令人信服的证据表明富勒醇在生物医学中的潜在应用，但我们对这些分子的作用机制及其可能的副作用仍知之甚少。
