Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Oct 9;54(10):6570-7. doi: 10.1167/iovs.13-12173.
To examine the association between myopia and glaucoma, visual field defects, optic disc structural damage, and IOP in a population with a high prevalence of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).
Data were included from 13,433 participants in the 2008 to 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional study. Spherical equivalent was used to define refractive status as emmetropia (-0.99 to 0.99 diopters [D]), mild myopia (-1.00 to -2.99 D), moderate myopia (-3.00 to -5.99 D), severe myopia (<-6 D), and hyperopia (≥+1.00D). Glaucoma was defined by International Society for Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO) criteria.
Compared with those with emmetropia, the odds of a glaucoma diagnosis were higher with moderate myopia (odds ratio [OR] 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-4.1) and severe myopia (OR 4.6, CI 2.3-9.4). Visual field defects were increased for mild myopia (OR 2.3, CI 1.2-4.5) and severe myopia (OR 20.9, CI 6.3-68.6). Optic disc structural damage was increased for moderate myopia (OR 1.8, CI 1.2-2.5) and severe myopia (OR 2.3, CI 1.5-3.7). Mean IOP was higher for mild myopia (14.4 mm Hg, CI 14.2-14.5 mm Hg), moderate myopia (14.7 mm Hg, CI 14.4-15.0 mm Hg), and severe myopia (14.7 mm Hg, CI 14.3-15.2 mmHg) compared with those with emmetropia (14.0 mm Hg, CI 13.9-14.1 mm Hg).
In South Koreans, more severe myopia was associated with greater odds of glaucoma as defined by ISGEO criteria.
在正常眼压性青光眼（NTG）患病率较高的人群中，研究近视与青光眼、视野缺损、视盘结构损伤和眼压之间的关系。
本研究数据来自于 2008 至 2011 年韩国全国健康与营养调查的 13433 名参与者，为一项横断面研究。球镜屈光度用于定义屈光状态，正视（-0.99 至 0.99 屈光度[D]）、轻度近视（-1.00 至-2.99 D）、中度近视（-3.00 至-5.99 D）、高度近视（<-6 D）和远视（≥+1.00 D）。青光眼由国际眼科地理流行病学学会（ISGEO）标准定义。
与正视者相比，中度近视（比值比[OR] 2.2，95%置信区间[CI] 1.2-4.1）和高度近视（OR 4.6，CI 2.3-9.4）患青光眼的几率更高。轻度近视（OR 2.3，CI 1.2-4.5）和高度近视（OR 20.9，CI 6.3-68.6）的视野缺损增加。中度近视（OR 1.8，CI 1.2-2.5）和高度近视（OR 2.3，CI 1.5-3.7）的视盘结构损伤增加。与正视者（14.0 毫米汞柱，CI 13.9-14.1 毫米汞柱）相比，轻度近视（14.4 毫米汞柱，CI 14.2-14.5 毫米汞柱）、中度近视（14.7 毫米汞柱，CI 14.4-15.0 毫米汞柱）和高度近视（14.7 毫米汞柱，CI 14.3-15.2 毫米汞柱）的平均眼压较高。
在韩国人群中，根据 ISGEO 标准定义，近视程度越严重，患青光眼的几率越大。
