Campbell M
Biol Psychiatry. 1975 Aug;10(4):399-423.
An up-to-date review of drug treatment in psychoses of early childhood is presented. At the present time, of all biological interventions in these developmental disorders, drug treatment alone remains a valuable addition or an essential treatment modality of the total treatment. Experience has shown that a therapeutically effective potent drug can make the autistic child more amenable to other therapies, including special education. However, knowledge is lacking about the effect of various psychoactive agents on cognition in this patient population as well as their influence on growth, weight, endocrine systems, and organs. Drugs currently in use treat symptoms, not diseases. A great need for classification in this area persists. The same symptoms may be caused by a variety of etiologic factors, and autism may or may not be the earliest expression of childhood schizophrenia. It is suggested that clinical distinctions be correlated or even improved by certain biochemical, neuroendocrine, and physiological criteria; this also may be of considerable value in predicting whether a child can benefit from a specific drug.
本文对幼儿期精神病的药物治疗进行了最新综述。目前，在这些发育障碍的所有生物干预措施中，单纯药物治疗仍然是整体治疗中一项有价值的补充或必不可少的治疗方式。经验表明，一种具有治疗效果的强效药物可以使自闭症儿童更容易接受其他疗法，包括特殊教育。然而，对于各种精神活性药物对该患者群体认知的影响以及它们对生长、体重、内分泌系统和器官的影响，我们还缺乏了解。目前使用的药物治疗的是症状，而非疾病。该领域对分类的需求仍然很大。相同的症状可能由多种病因引起，自闭症可能是也可能不是儿童精神分裂症的最早表现。有人建议通过某些生化、神经内分泌和生理标准来关联甚至改进临床区分；这在预测儿童是否能从特定药物中获益方面也可能具有相当大的价值。
