Li J, Kim I H
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea 330-714.
J Anim Sci. 2013 Nov;91(11):5336-43. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6665. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
In Exp. 1, 80 growing pigs (27.1±0.7 kg) were used in a 42-d experiment to evaluate the effect of levan-type fructan on growth performance, digestibility, blood profile, and fecal microbiota. Pigs were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments, according to initial BW and gender, with 5 replicate pens per treatment and 2 barrows and 2 gilts per pen. Treatments were corn-soybean meal-based diets supplemented with 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, or 0.20% levan-type fructan. Average daily gain and G:F increased (quadratic, P<0.05), as dietary levan-type fructan increased from 0 to 0.2%. Similarly, the apparent total tract digestibility of N and GE increased (quadratic, P<0.05), as dietary supplementation of levan-type fructan increased. Dietary levan-type fructan supplementation increased fecal Lactobacillus counts linearly (P<0.05). In Exp. 2, 20 individually housed barrows (26.2±0.6 kg) were used to evaluate immune responses after an Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets supplemented with 0% or 0.10% levan-type fructan for 42 d. At d 42, 5 pigs from each treatment were injected with E. coli LPS (0.01% of BW) and the other 5 pigs with sterile saline solution, resulting in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Blood was taken 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after challenge. Challenge with LPS decreased blood lymphocyte percentage and had an interactive effect with levan-type fructan inclusion at 4, 6, and 8 h (P<0.01). Levan-type fructan supplementation increased (P<0.05) white blood cells at 6 and 8 h, and increased (P<0.05) lymphocyte percentage at 8 h after the challenge. Lipopolysaccharide injection increased (P<0.05) rectal temperature at 2 and 4 h, and had an interactive effect (P<0.05) with levan-type fructan supplementation at 4 h after the challenge. At 2, 4, 6, and 8 h, serum cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6 concentration increased (P<0.05) by LPS challenge, and there was an interactive effect between LPS challenge and the inclusion of levan-type fructan (P<0.05). Dietary levan-type fructan supplementation decreased serum cortisol concentration at 8 h, tumor necrosis factor-α concentration at 4, 6, and 8 h, and IL-6 concentration at 6 and 8 h after the challenge (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 0.10% levan-type fructan can improve growth performance, digestibility, and fecal Lactobacillus counts, and has a beneficial effect on the immune response during an inflammatory challenge in growing pigs.
在实验1中，选用80头生长猪（体重27.1±0.7千克）进行为期42天的实验，以评估果聚糖型果聚糖对生长性能、消化率、血液指标和粪便微生物群的影响。根据初始体重和性别，将猪随机分为4种处理组之一，每个处理组有5个重复栏，每个栏中有2头公猪和2头母猪。处理组采用以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮，并添加0%、0.05%、0.10%或0.20%的果聚糖型果聚糖。随着日粮中果聚糖型果聚糖含量从0增加到0.2%，平均日增重和料重比增加（呈二次曲线，P<0.05）。同样，随着日粮中果聚糖型果聚糖添加量的增加，氮和总能的表观全肠道消化率增加（呈二次曲线，P<0.05）。日粮中添加果聚糖型果聚糖可使粪便中乳酸杆菌数量呈线性增加（P<0.05）。在实验2中，选用20头单独饲养的公猪（体重26.2±0.6千克）来评估大肠杆菌脂多糖（LPS）攻毒后的免疫反应。给猪饲喂以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮，添加0%或0.10%的果聚糖型果聚糖，持续42天。在第4天，每个处理组的5头猪注射大肠杆菌LPS（体重的0.01%），另外5头猪注射无菌生理盐水，形成2×2析因处理安排。攻毒后0、2、4、6和8小时采集血液。LPS攻毒降低了血液淋巴细胞百分比，并在4、6和8小时与果聚糖型果聚糖的添加有交互作用（P<0.01）。添加果聚糖型果聚糖在攻毒后6和8小时增加了白细胞数量（P<0.05），并在攻毒后8小时增加了淋巴细胞百分比（P<0.05）。注射脂多糖在2和4小时增加了直肠温度（P<0.05），并在攻毒后4小时与果聚糖型果聚糖的添加有交互作用（P<0.05）。在2、4、6和8小时，LPS攻毒使血清皮质醇、肿瘤坏死因子-α和IL-6浓度增加（P<0.05），并且LPS攻毒与果聚糖型果聚糖的添加之间存在交互作用（P<0.05）。日粮中添加果聚糖型果聚糖在攻毒后8小时降低了血清皮质醇浓度，在攻毒后4、6和8小时降低了肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度，在攻毒后6和8小时降低了IL-6浓度（P<0.05）。总之，日粮中添加0.10%的果聚糖型果聚糖可以提高生长性能、消化率和粪便中乳酸杆菌数量，并对生长猪在炎症攻毒期间的免疫反应有有益影响。
