Kubik A, Parkin D M, Khlat M, Erban J, Polak J, Adamec M
Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Int J Cancer. 1990 Jan 15;45(1):26-33. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910450107.
Cigarette-smoking males (6,364), aged 40-64, were randomized into an intervention group which received 6-monthly screening by chest X-ray and sputum cytology, and a control group which received no asymptomatic investigation. After 3 years, both groups entered a follow-up period during which they received annual chest X-rays. Lung cancer cases detected by screening were identified at an earlier stage, more often resectable, and had a significantly better survival than "interval" cases diagnosed mainly because of symptoms. Comparison of the 2 groups showed a higher incidence of lung cancer in the intervention group, despite the follow-up period when both groups received annual examinations. There was no significant difference in mortality between the 2 groups.
年龄在40至64岁之间的吸烟男性（6364人）被随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组每6个月接受胸部X光和痰细胞学筛查，对照组不进行无症状检查。3年后，两组均进入随访期，在此期间每年接受胸部X光检查。通过筛查发现的肺癌病例在更早阶段被确诊，更常可切除，并且与主要因症状而诊断出的“间隔期”病例相比，生存率显著更高。两组比较显示，尽管在随访期两组都进行年度检查，但干预组的肺癌发病率更高。两组之间的死亡率没有显著差异。
