Kubík A, Polák J
Cancer. 1986 Jun 15;57(12):2427-37. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19860615)57:12<2427::aid-cncr2820571230>3.0.co;2-m.
A randomized prospective study of lung cancer detection was begun in 1976 to evaluate semiannual screening by radiologic and sputum cytologic study in comparison to screening at a 3-year interval, and to no screening. In a high-risk population of 6364 men (aged 40 to 64 years), the initial prevalence of lung cancer was 0.28% (18 cases), the annual incidence was 0.35% per year (66 cases during 3 years), the proportion of Stage I cases was 31% (26/84), and Stage II was 17% (14/84), "curative" resections were 27% (23/84), and 5-year survival was 23% (19/84). The study confirmed the ability of radiologic screening to detect lung cancer at an earlier stage when treatment by resection can be accomplished. The fate of a high-risk population submitted to screening was better than that of a population with no screening where lung cancer was discovered by symptoms, accidental x-rays, or at autopsy. A matter of lesser importance was the frequency of screening. The absolute numbers of 5-year survivors detected by screening were practically the same for either compared screening frequency.
1976年开展了一项关于肺癌检测的随机前瞻性研究，以评估每半年进行一次放射学和痰细胞学检查筛查与每3年进行一次筛查以及不进行筛查相比的效果。在6364名年龄在40至64岁之间的高危男性人群中，肺癌的初始患病率为0.28%（18例），年发病率为每年0.35%（3年期间66例），I期病例的比例为31%（26/84），II期为17%（14/84），“根治性”切除率为27%（23/84），5年生存率为23%（19/84）。该研究证实了放射学筛查能够在可通过切除进行治疗的早期阶段检测出肺癌。接受筛查的高危人群的预后比未进行筛查、通过症状、偶然的X光检查或尸检发现肺癌的人群要好。筛查频率是一个不太重要的问题。对于两种比较的筛查频率，通过筛查检测出的5年幸存者的绝对数量实际上是相同的。
