New York City Poison Control Center, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , New York, NY , USA.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2013 Nov;51(9):879-85. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2013.839030. Epub 2013 Sep 23.
On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy made landfall and devastated New York's metropolitan area, causing widespread damage to homes and the utility infrastructure. Eight days later, snow and freezing temperatures from a nor'easter storm delayed utility restoration.
To examine carbon monoxide (CO) exposures in the 2 weeks following Hurricane Sandy. Methods. This was a retrospective review of prospectively collected, standardized, and de-identified data sets. CO exposures and poisonings identified from two electronic surveillance systems, the New York City Poison Control Center (NYCPCC) and New York City's Syndromic Surveillance Unit, were compared with CO exposures from identical dates in 2008-2011. Data collected from the poison center included exposure type, CO source, poisoning type, treatment, and outcomes. Data collected from the Syndromic Surveillance Unit cases, which were identified by CO-related chief complaints presenting to NYC hospitals, included visit date and time, and patient demographics.
Four hundred thirty-seven CO exposures were reported to the NYCPCC, 355 from NYC callers, and the remainder from surrounding counties, which represented a significant increase when compared with CO exposures from identical dates in the preceding 4 years (p < 0.001). The total cases that were reported to the NYCPCC in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011 were 18, 13, 24, and 61, respectively. Excluding a single apartment fire that occurred (n = 311), the more common sources of CO were grilling indoors (26.2%) and generators (17.5%). Syndromic surveillance captured 70 cases; 6 cases were captured by both data sets.
CO exposures following weather-related disasters are a significant public health concern, and the use of fuel-burning equipment is a clear source of storm-related morbidity and mortality. Multiple real-time epidemiologic surveillance tools are useful in estimating the prevalence of CO exposure and poisoning and are necessary to assist public health efforts to prevent CO poisoning during and after disasters.
2012 年 10 月 29 日，桑迪飓风登陆并摧毁了纽约大都市区，给家庭和公用事业基础设施造成广泛破坏。八天后，一场东北风暴带来的雪和冰冻温度延迟了公用事业的恢复。
检查桑迪飓风过后两周内的一氧化碳（CO）暴露情况。方法：这是对前瞻性收集的、标准化的和去识别的数据进行回顾性审查。从两个电子监测系统，即纽约市毒物控制中心（NYCPCC）和纽约市综合征监测单位，比较了 CO 暴露情况，并与 2008-2011 年相同日期的 CO 暴露情况进行了比较。从毒物中心收集的数据包括暴露类型、CO 来源、中毒类型、治疗和结果。从综合征监测单位收集的数据包括就诊日期和时间以及患者人口统计学信息，这些病例是通过向纽约市医院报告的与 CO 相关的主要投诉确定的。
向 NYCPCC 报告了 437 例 CO 暴露，其中 355 例来自纽约市呼叫者，其余来自周边县，与前四年相同日期的 CO 暴露相比显著增加（p<0.001）。2008 年、2009 年、2010 年和 2011 年向 NYCPCC 报告的总病例数分别为 18 例、13 例、24 例和 61 例。排除一起单独的公寓火灾（n=311），更常见的 CO 来源是室内烧烤（26.2%）和发电机（17.5%）。综合征监测共捕获 70 例；两个数据集共捕获 6 例。
与天气相关的灾害后的 CO 暴露是一个重大的公共卫生问题，使用燃料燃烧设备是与风暴相关发病率和死亡率的明显来源。多种实时流行病学监测工具可用于估计 CO 暴露和中毒的流行率，这对于协助公共卫生部门在灾害期间和之后预防 CO 中毒非常必要。
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