Al-Akhawayni, a contributor to medieval Persian knowledge on contraception.

Modern scientific achievements in the field of contraception are clearly indebted to past studies. Al-Akhawayni Bukhari was a Persian physician in the 10th century. He lived during the 'Golden Age of Islamic Medicine' (9th to 12th century AD). This scientist recorded his knowledge on various medical matters, including contraception, in the book 'Hidayat al-Muta`allemin Fi al-Tibb' (Learner's Guide to Medicine). These 10th century views on contraception are explored in this paper through a discussion of Al-Akhawayni Bukhari's surviving book, the 'Hidayat' (Guide).