Epstein Y
Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Feb;22(1):29-35.
Great individual variability exists in the ability to sustain heat stress. Some individuals are more susceptible to heat than others. Those individuals, among the young active population (athletes, military recruits, laborers), are at risk to contract exertional heat stroke. Low tolerance to heat results from either functional factors, or from congenital or acquired disturbances. In most cases heat intolerance can be foreseen. Cases of dehydration, overweight, low physical fitness, lack of acclimatization, febrile or infectious diseases, and skin disorders should be regarded a priori as predisposing factors for heat intolerance. Special attention should be paid to subjects with previous heat stroke episodes since it might reflect an underlying cause for heat susceptibility. The heat tolerance of these subjects should be tested 8-12 wk postepisode to detect a possible residual injury in the ability to thermoregulate adequately in the heat.
个体承受热应激的能力存在很大差异。有些人比其他人更易受热影响。在年轻的活跃人群（运动员、新兵、劳动者）中，这些人有患劳力性热射病的风险。对热的耐受性低是由功能因素、先天性或后天性障碍引起的。在大多数情况下，热不耐受是可以预见的。脱水、超重、身体素质差、缺乏适应性、发热或传染病以及皮肤疾病等情况应被视为热不耐受的先赋因素。对于有过热射病史的受试者应给予特别关注，因为这可能反映出热易感性的潜在原因。应在热射病发作后8 - 12周对这些受试者的热耐受性进行测试，以检测其在热环境中充分调节体温能力可能存在的残余损伤。
