MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 Sep 27;62(38):787-92.
Pregnant women and infants aged <6 months are at increased risk for influenza-related severe illness and hospitalization. Influenza vaccination of pregnant women has been shown to reduce the risk for illness in both mother and infant. To help protect pregnant women, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend influenza vaccination for all women who are or will be pregnant during the influenza season, regardless of trimester. To estimate influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women during the 2012-13 influenza season, CDC analyzed data from an Internet panel survey conducted April 1-12, 2013. Among 1,702 self-selected survey respondents pregnant at any time during the 4-month period of October 2012-January 2013, 50.5% reported they received influenza vaccination before or during their pregnancy. Influenza vaccination coverage was higher among women reporting both a health-care provider recommendation and offer of influenza vaccination (70.5%) compared with women who received a recommendation but no offer of vaccination (46.3%) and women who received no recommendation (16.1%). Vaccination coverage of women who will be or are pregnant during an influenza season might be improved by implementing a combination of community-based interventions, including enhanced access to low-cost vaccination services, provider recommendation and offer of influenza vaccination, and education of pregnant women about influenza vaccination safety and efficacy during pregnancy to increase demand.
孕妇和 <6 月龄的婴儿患流感相关严重疾病和住院的风险增加。孕妇接种流感疫苗已被证明可降低母婴患病风险。为帮助保护孕妇,免疫实践咨询委员会(ACIP)和美国妇产科医师学会建议在流感季节对所有计划或正在怀孕的妇女进行流感疫苗接种,无论其处于哪个孕期。为了估计 2012-13 流感季节孕妇的流感疫苗接种率,CDC 分析了 2013 年 4 月 1 日至 12 日进行的互联网小组调查数据。在 2012 年 10 月至 2013 年 1 月的 4 个月期间任何时间怀孕的 1702 名自我选择的调查受访者中,50.5%报告在怀孕前或怀孕期间接种了流感疫苗。与仅接受推荐但未接种疫苗(46.3%)和未接受推荐(16.1%)的妇女相比,同时报告获得医疗保健提供者推荐和提供流感疫苗的妇女(70.5%)的流感疫苗接种率更高。通过实施一系列基于社区的干预措施,包括增加获得低成本疫苗接种服务的机会、提供流感疫苗接种的推荐和服务,并对孕妇进行关于流感疫苗接种在孕期内的安全性和有效性的教育,以提高需求,可能会提高流感季节将怀孕或正在怀孕的妇女的疫苗接种率。