Navarrete Mariely, García Jocelyn, Dutzan Nicolás, Henríquez Leslie, Puente Javier, Carvajal Paola, Hernandez Marcela, Gamonal Jorge
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile.
J Periodontol. 2014 May;85(5):751-60. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130078. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
Macrophages account for 5% to 30% of the inflammatory infiltrate in periodontitis and are activated by the classic and alternative pathways. These pathways are identified by indirect markers, among which interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin-6 (IL)-6 of the classic pathway and IL-4 of the alternative pathway have been studied widely. Recently, factor XIII-A (FXIII-A) was reported to be a good marker of alternative pathway activation. The aim of this study is to determine the macrophage activation pathways involved in chronic periodontitis (CP) by the detection of the indirect markers IFN-γ, IL-6, FXIII-A, and IL-4.
Biopsies were taken from patients with CP (n = 10) and healthy individuals (n = 10) for analysis of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-4, and FXIII-A by Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The same biopsies of healthy and diseased gingival tissue were used, and the expressions of these markers were compared between healthy individuals and those with CP.
The presence of macrophages was detected by CD68+ immunohistochemistry and their IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-4, and FXIII-A markers by WB, IHC, and ELISA in all samples of healthy and diseased tissue. IL-6, IL-4, and FXIII-A were significantly higher in patients with CP, whereas FXIII-A was higher in healthy individuals.
The presence of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-4, and FXIII-A in healthy individuals and in patients with CP suggests that macrophages may be activated by both classic and alternative pathways in health and in periodontal disease.
巨噬细胞占牙周炎炎症浸润细胞的5%至30%，并通过经典途径和替代途径被激活。这些途径通过间接标志物来识别，其中经典途径的干扰素（IFN）-γ和白细胞介素-6（IL）-6以及替代途径的IL-4已得到广泛研究。最近，据报道因子XIII-A（FXIII-A）是替代途径激活的良好标志物。本研究的目的是通过检测间接标志物IFN-γ、IL-6、FXIII-A和IL-4来确定慢性牙周炎（CP）中涉及的巨噬细胞激活途径。
从CP患者（n = 10）和健康个体（n = 10）中获取活检组织，通过蛋白质印迹法（WB）、免疫组织化学（IHC）和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分析IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-4和FXIII-A。使用健康和患病牙龈组织的相同活检样本，比较健康个体和CP患者中这些标志物的表达。
通过CD68 +免疫组织化学检测到所有健康和患病组织样本中均存在巨噬细胞，并通过WB、IHC和ELISA检测到它们的IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-4和FXIII-A标志物。CP患者的IL-6、IL-4和FXIII-A显著更高，而健康个体的FXIII-A更高。
健康个体和CP患者中存在IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-4和FXIII-A表明，在健康状态和牙周疾病中，巨噬细胞可能通过经典途径和替代途径被激活。
