Wood P D, Stefanick M L, Dreon D M, Frey-Hewitt B, Garay S C, Williams P T, Superko H R, Fortmann S P, Albers J J, Vranizan K M
Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif.
N Engl J Med. 1988 Nov 3;319(18):1173-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198811033191801.
We studied separately the influence of two methods for losing fat weight on the levels of plasma lipids and lipoproteins in overweight sedentary men--decreasing energy intake without increasing exercise (diet), and increasing energy expenditure without altering energy intake (exercise, primarily running)--in a one-year randomized controlled trial. As compared with controls (n = 42), dieters (n = 42) had significant loss of total body weight (-7.8 +/- 0.9 kg [mean +/- SE]), fat weight (-5.6 +/- 0.8 kg), and lean (non-fat) weight (-2.1 +/- 0.5 kg) (P less than 0.001 for each variable), and exercisers (n = 47) had significant loss of total body weight (-4.6 +/- 0.8 kg) and fat weight (-3.8 +/- 0.7 kg) (P less than 0.001 for both variables) but not lean weight (-0.7 +/- 0.4 kg). Fat-weight loss did not differ significantly between dieters and exercisers. All subjects were discouraged from altering their diet composition; however, dieters and exercisers had slight reductions in the percentage of kilojoules derived from fat. As compared with the control group, both weight-loss groups had significant increases (P less than 0.01) in plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (diet vs. exercise, 0.13 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.03 mmol per liter), HDL2 cholesterol (0.07 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.07 +/- 0.02 mmol per liter), and HDL3 cholesterol (0.07 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.06 +/- 0.02 mmol per liter) and significant decreases (P less than 0.05) in triglyceride levels (diet vs. exercise, -0.35 +/- 0.14 vs. -0.24 +/- 0.12 mmol per liter). Levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significantly changed, relative to values in controls. None of these changes were significantly different between dieters and exercisers. Thus, we conclude that fat loss through dieting or exercising produces comparable and favorable changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations.
在一项为期一年的随机对照试验中，我们分别研究了两种减重方法对超重久坐男性血脂和脂蛋白水平的影响——不增加运动量但减少能量摄入（节食），以及不改变能量摄入但增加能量消耗（运动，主要是跑步）。与对照组（n = 42）相比，节食者（n = 42）的总体重显著下降（-7.8±0.9千克[均值±标准误]），脂肪重量下降（-5.6±0.8千克），瘦体重（非脂肪重量）下降（-2.1±0.5千克）（每个变量P均小于0.001）；运动者（n = 47）的总体重显著下降（-4.6±0.8千克），脂肪重量下降（-3.8±0.7千克）（两个变量P均小于0.001），但瘦体重未下降（-0.7±0.4千克）。节食者和运动者的脂肪重量下降幅度无显著差异。所有受试者均未被鼓励改变饮食构成；然而，节食者和运动者从脂肪中获取的千焦百分比略有下降。与对照组相比，两个减重组的血浆高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇浓度均显著升高（P小于0.01）（节食组与运动组分别为0.13±0.03与0.12±0.03毫摩尔/升），HDL2胆固醇浓度（0.07±0.02与0.07±0.02毫摩尔/升），以及HDL3胆固醇浓度（0.07±0.02与0.06±0.02毫摩尔/升），甘油三酯水平显著降低（P小于0.05）（节食组与运动组分别为-0.35±0.14与-0.24±0.12毫摩尔/升）。总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平相对于对照组的值无显著变化。节食者和运动者之间的这些变化均无显著差异。因此，我们得出结论，通过节食或运动减重会使血浆脂蛋白浓度产生类似且有益的变化。
